基于ABAQUS的汽车夹层玻璃受冰雹冲击的动态响应研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 00:24

本文选题：PVB夹层玻璃　切入点：冰雹　出处：《青岛理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：PVB夹层玻璃作为汽车玻璃的首选,其防冲击的能力和对冲击作用的动态响应问题是重要的夹层玻璃研究内容。PVB夹层的加入,使得夹层玻璃的动态响应问题不再是简单的单一各向同性的板面受冲击的问题,并且一般情况下由于PVB夹层与两侧玻璃的弹性模量相差至少三个数量级,也不能简单的看做叠合板的冲击问题。本文主要基于ABAQUS软件,对受冰雹冲击的等效玻璃板和夹层玻璃进行了模拟,结合一定的理论分析和数值模拟,从定量的角度分析了在冰雹垂直冲击作用下的夹层玻璃上的冲击点的动态响应问题,还定性的分析了各种其他角度冲击和多次冲击夹层玻璃的应力波传播问题。本文通过对夹层玻璃中心受冰雹垂直冲击的模拟,对比了夹层玻璃上冲击点处的挠度与等效玻璃上冲击点处的挠度,对比发现夹层玻璃上的挠度变化更多的倾向于波的情况,而且应力波在夹层玻璃厚度方向上的传递具有延迟性,且冲击过后的PVB夹层上的应力远远小于两侧玻璃上的应力,因此在夹层玻璃未发生冲击破坏时,主要靠夹层两侧的玻璃来承受冰雹冲击作用所带来的应力。且通过模拟等效玻璃板受冰雹冲击的过程与夹层玻璃的模型相比对,得出工程上采用的夹层玻璃的等效厚度来校核设计的方法对冲击作用来说是极其不准确的。同时,将夹层玻璃在模型中分别设置为四周简支约束和四周固支约束,提交计算后发现,两种情况下的夹层玻璃上的应力分布和冲击点处的挠度并没有区别。通过对夹层玻璃受多个冰雹错落冲击的模拟,得到了当多个冰雹在不同时间错落冲击夹层玻璃不同冲击点的冲击过程,结果发现在该过程中,区别于夹层玻璃受单次冲击的情况,夹层玻璃的背面玻璃不分布应力,PVB夹层上的应力也比正面玻璃上小三个数量级以上,冲击所造成的应力几乎全部分布在夹层玻璃的正面玻璃上,由此得出结论,如果想提高夹层玻璃的抵抗连续多处冲击的性能可以通过增厚直接接触冲击物体的正面玻璃来实现,由于在冲击发生以后夹层玻璃板的四个边界上的应力大,在此模型中还输出了沿边界处的应力曲线。本文还对夹层玻璃上同一点处受二次冲击进行了模拟,得知了PVB夹层上的粘性耗散能有效阻挡了多次冲击造成的应力叠加。同时在所有的仿真中还可以得到结论,夹层玻璃板受到冲击时,四个直角处的应力整体最小,因此也最安全。最后,本文在仿真的基础上对文中所做的重要且复杂的仿真模拟做了可信度分析,其一是利用理论上的玻璃板模型受冰雹冲击后冲击点处的挠度值曲线与夹层玻璃的等效玻璃板的仿真模型输出的挠度结果进行比对,其二是利用ABAQUS使用手册上的模型质量评估方法对本文中的仿真模型进行能量平衡的检验,最终结果表明,文中的仿真模型可信度高,具有准确性。
[Abstract]:PVB laminated glass is the first choice of automotive glass. Its impact resistance and dynamic response to impact are the important research contents of laminated glass. The dynamic response of laminated glass is no longer a simple problem of single isotropic plate being impacted, and in general, the elastic modulus of PVB sandwich is at least three orders of magnitude different from that of both sides of glass. In this paper, based on ABAQUS software, the equivalent glass plate and laminated glass affected by hail are simulated, combined with certain theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The dynamic response of impact point on laminated glass under vertical hail impact is analyzed quantitatively. The propagation of stress wave in laminated glass with other angles and multiple shocks is also analyzed qualitatively. In this paper, the vertical impact of hail on the center of laminated glass is simulated. The deflection at the impact point on the laminated glass is compared with that at the impact point on the equivalent glass, and it is found that the deflection on the laminated glass is more inclined to Yu Bo. Moreover, the transfer of stress wave in the direction of the thickness of laminated glass is delayed, and the stress on the PVB interlayer after impact is much smaller than that on both sides of glass, so when the laminated glass is not damaged by impact, It mainly relies on the glass on both sides of the sandwich to withstand the stress caused by the hail shock. And by simulating the process of the equivalent glass plate being hit by the hail, it is compared with the model of the laminated glass. It is concluded that the method of checking and designing the equivalent thickness of laminated glass used in engineering is extremely inaccurate for the impact action. At the same time, the laminated glass is set in the model as four week simple support constraint and four week clamping constraint respectively. After submitting the calculation, it is found that there is no difference between the stress distribution on the laminated glass and the deflection at the impact point in the two cases. The impact process of multiple hail at different impact points of laminated glass at different time is obtained. The results show that the impact process is different from that of single impact on laminated glass in this process. The stress on the PVB interlayer is more than three orders of magnitude smaller than that on the front glass, and the stress caused by impact is almost all distributed on the front glass of the laminated glass. If we want to improve the resistance of laminated glass to continuous multiple impact, it can be achieved by thickening the front glass of the impact object directly, because the stress on the four boundaries of the laminated glass plate is large after the impact occurs. The stress curves along the boundary are also outputted in this model, and the secondary impact on the laminated glass at the same point is also simulated in this paper. It is known that the viscous dissipation energy on the PVB intercalation effectively prevents the stress superposition caused by multiple shocks. At the same time, it can be concluded in all the simulations that the stress at the four right angles of the laminated glass plate is the smallest when the laminated glass plate is impacted. Therefore, it is also the safest. Finally, on the basis of simulation, this paper makes a credibility analysis of the important and complex simulation done in this paper. The first is to compare the deflection curve between the theoretical glass plate model and the equivalent glass plate model of laminated glass. The other is to test the energy balance of the simulation model by using the model quality evaluation method in the ABAQUS manual. The final results show that the simulation model in this paper has high credibility and accuracy.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ171.1;U463.835

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