乙二醇萃取耦合电脱盐脱除原油中盐份的研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 03:25

  本文选题：乙二醇　切入点：场强　出处：《华东理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着原油的劣质化加剧,很多传统的脱盐脱水工艺已经不能达到工业要求。而溶剂萃取工艺逐渐成为一个新颖的工艺,该工艺充分利用了溶剂对于盐的高溶解度以及溶剂较大的密度,使得溶剂和原油得以分相,达到对原油脱盐脱水的目的,但是该工艺也存在着乳化严重的问题。基于乙二醇对盐的高溶解度以及其与水相似相溶的特性,本文创新性地将乙二醇萃取和电脱盐耦合,取代传统原油电脱盐中注水和破乳剂的工艺,是一个新型的工艺路线。实验首先考察了高场强强度,低场强强度、温度、停留时间、初始盐含量对脱盐率的影响,实验表明运用乙二醇电脱盐的一级脱后盐含量低至7.45 mg/L,脱盐率高达83.8%,最佳的实验条件为高场强为1000V/cm,低场强为500V/cm,温度为120℃,高场强停留时间为10 min,低场强停留时间20 min,沉降时间60 min。再者利用透光率、流变性、红外光谱、光学显微镜等分析手段重点考察了电场对乙二醇萃取脱盐的破乳效果。透光率的测定表明,胜利原油在200～800 nm没有吸收峰。原油经过电场破乳之后,场强越高,35h之内破乳的稳定性越好。胜利原油的粘度不随剪切速率的增加而变化,保持恒定,其剪切力随着剪切速率成线性变化,表现出良好的牛顿流体的特性。最后本文尝试探讨了电脱盐中乙二醇粒径的力学效应及溶剂的回收。计算表明,电场越大,脱盐效果越好,所能处理的乙二醇颗粒粒径越小,乙二醇开始聚结的临界颗粒粒径越小。利用Aspen plus模拟回收乙二醇,乙二醇的回收摩尔分数为0.96。温度灵敏度的分析表明,温度升高至190℃,接近乙二醇的沸点时,乙二醇的摩尔分数出现最大值;压力灵敏度的分析表明,压力为1bar时,乙二醇的摩尔分数最大。
[Abstract]:With the deterioration of crude oil, many traditional desalination and dehydration processes can no longer meet the industrial requirements. However, the solvent extraction process has gradually become a novel process. This process makes full use of the high solubility of solvent to salt and the high density of solvent, so that the solvent and crude oil can be separated from each other, and the purpose of desalination and dehydration of crude oil can be achieved. Due to the high solubility of ethylene glycol to salt and its similar solubility with water, the ethylene glycol extraction and electrodesalting were innovatively coupled. The process of replacing the water injection and demulsifier in the traditional electric desalination of crude oil is a new technological route. The effects of high field strength, low field strength, temperature, residence time and initial salt content on the desalination rate were investigated in the experiment. The experiment shows that the content of the first order desalination with ethylene glycol is as low as 7.45 mg / L, the desalination rate is as high as 83.80.The optimum experimental conditions are as follows: high field strength of 1000V / cm, low field strength of 500V / cm, temperature of 120 鈩，

本文编号：1586799