石煤钒矿碱法浸出制备五氧化二钒联产白炭黑的研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 19:25

  本文选题：石煤　切入点：碱浸　出处：《吉首大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在石煤提钒工艺中,为了充分利用石煤中的有价元素硅,本研究采用碱浸提钒工艺提取石煤中的钒和硅,分析了石煤钒矿的物相和主要成分分析,探索了直接碱浸、预焙烧碱浸的各影响因素对钒、硅浸出率的影响,考察了添加剂对碱浸提钒效果的影响,通过对浸出液中的钒、硅的有效分离,得到了五氧化二钒和白炭黑两种产品。采取本工艺提钒,不仅提高了石煤资源的综合利用率,同时大大降低石煤提钒过程中的烟气污染。本工艺所采用的直接碱浸提钒工艺,在添加剂二氧化锰用量为2%、粒径220目、固液比1:0.8、浸出温度95℃、浸出时间为7h和碱矿比1.7:1的条件下。钒的浸出率为59.3%,硅的浸出率为49.6%,和不加添加剂相比,钒硅的浸出率提高了11.5%,硅的浸出率提高了7.6%。在焙烧温度850℃、焙烧时间为2h、浸出温度为95℃、浸出时间为4h、固液比为1:1.4、碱量比为1.2:1和添加剂二氧化锰用量为2%的条件下,钒的浸出率为95.5%,硅的浸出率为67.2%。采用盐酸调节p H值,控制搅拌速度在100r/min,缓慢滴加盐酸至p H值为7.5,控制温度在70℃下反应1h,浸出液中二氧化硅沉淀率为91.2%,五氧化二钒损失率为3.5%,钒硅分离效果良好;分离后的硅渣经p H为3的盐酸溶液淋洗后得到二氧化硅含量为95.6%的白炭黑,硅的回收率为61.3%,白炭黑产品比表面积为224 m2/g,经红外、X射线衍射分析白炭黑产品为非晶态结构的水合Si O2,且产品各项质量指标都达到化工行业标准。采用201树脂分离富集,钒富集及杂质分离效果显著。在温度为303K,p H值为7.5,五氧化二钒浓度为6g·L-1时,201树脂吸附钒饱和吸附容量为278mg·g-1。钒溶液流速为1.2L·h-1时,动态平衡吸附量为148mg·g-1。加入氯化铵沉钒时,在p H=8.5,加铵系数1.6,沉钒时间为2h条件下,沉钒率可达99%以上。沉钒得到的偏钒酸铵产品的红外光谱图、XRD图谱与偏钒酸铵标准图谱一致。偏钒酸铵煅烧得五氧化二钒产品,其红外光谱、XRD图谱与五氧化二钒标准图谱一致,产品主要技术指标均达到了YB/T 5304-2011粉钒标准。
[Abstract]:In the process of extracting vanadium from stone coal, in order to make full use of the valuable element silicon in stone coal, this study used alkali extraction of vanadium to extract vanadium and silicon from stone coal, analyzed the phase and main components of vanadium ore, and explored the direct alkali leaching. The effect of various factors on the leaching rate of vanadium and silicon was studied. The effect of additives on the extraction of vanadium from leaching solution was investigated. The effective separation of vanadium and silicon in leaching solution was carried out. Vanadium pentoxide and silica were obtained. The vanadium extraction process not only improved the comprehensive utilization rate of stone coal resources, but also greatly reduced the flue gas pollution in the process of extracting vanadium from stone coal. Under the conditions of additive manganese dioxide dosage 2, particle diameter 220 mesh, solid-liquid ratio 1: 0.8, leaching temperature 95 鈩，

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