石煤提钒渣制作轻质墙体保温材料及水泥混合材研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 05:34

  本文选题：钙法钒渣　切入点：湿法钒渣　出处：《贵州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前我国生产钒制品的主要原料有石煤钒矿、钒渣(钒钛磁铁矿炉渣)和含钒固废,而从石煤中提取V2O5已成为我国工业提钒的主要方式之一。贵州省内钒矿企业目前采用的工艺主要有钙法焙烧提钒工艺、湿法酸浸提钒工艺。在现有技术条件下,每生产1tV2O5约产生200t钒渣,而传统的钒渣处置主要为建立尾矿库堆存,这不仅大量占用土地,还将对环境造成二次污染。因此,如何将钒渣资源化再利用就显得十分必要。本文主要目的是探索多途径的钒渣资源化利用方式,利用钙法焙烧提钒废渣为主要原料,辅以膨胀珍珠岩、硅酸钠(水玻璃)、硼砂制备轻质保温墙体材料及利用钙法钒渣作水泥混合材研究;同时,对湿法酸浸钒渣作水泥混合材进行探讨,探索多途径钒渣的资源化利用,以减少钒渣引起的环境污染。实验结果表明:1)钙法钒渣具有高硅、高铝、低钙的特点,SiO2和Al2O3占到了85%以上,属于高硅铝矿渣,可作为原料制备轻质墙体保温材料。2)经单因素试验和正交试验,确定了利用钙法钒渣制备轻质墙体材料的较优工艺条件为A2B1C2D3,在该条件下烧制的试件抗压强度6MPa,体积密度0.9g/cm3,导热系数0.25W/(m·K),吸水率16%。满足轻质墙体保温材料性能的要求。3)墙体保温材料试件经XRD和SEM微观分析可知,试件的矿物组成主要为钙长石、莫来石,试件断面上有大量的气孔存在,并且这些气孔孔径大小不一,还可看出断面上有晶体相的物质生成。4)利用钙法钒渣及湿法钒渣作水泥混合材试验结果表明,湿法钒渣掺量为25%时,水泥混合材试件抗折、抗压强度满足GB175-2007《通用硅酸盐水泥》P·C32.5的要求;掺量≤15%时,抗折、抗压强度满足P·C32.5R的要求;钙法钒渣掺量为35%时,水泥混合材试件抗折、抗压强度也满足P·C32.5的要求;10%≤掺量≤30%时,抗折、抗压强度满足P·C32.5R的要求;钒渣掺量≤10%时,抗折、抗压强度满足P·C52.5的要求。5)水泥混合材试件物相分析和微观结构可知,试件的水化产物主要是水化铝酸钙、水化硅酸钙和钙矾石,同时还有针状和棒状水化产物C-S-H凝胶粒子,这些物质使得试样呈现较好的抗折、抗压特性,说明钙法钒渣及湿法钒渣都可以作为水泥混合材。
[Abstract]:At present, the main raw materials for producing vanadium products in China are stone coal vanadium ore, vanadium slag (vanadium titanomagnetite slag) and vanadium solid waste. The extraction of V _ 2O _ 5 from stone coal has become one of the main methods for industrial vanadium extraction in China. At present, the main processes used by the vanadium mine enterprises in Guizhou province include calcium roasting process, wet acid extraction process and vanadium extraction process. About 200 tons of vanadium slag is produced for every 1 t V _ 2O _ 5 production, and the traditional disposal of vanadium slag is mainly to build up a tailings reservoir, which not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes secondary pollution to the environment. How to reuse vanadium slag is very necessary. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the multi-way utilization of vanadium slag, to use calcium roasting of vanadium residue as the main raw material, and to use expanded perlite as the main raw material. Sodium silicate (sodium silicate, borax) was used to prepare light weight insulating wall material and to use calcium vanadium slag as cement mixture, meanwhile, the wet acid leaching vanadium slag as cement mixture was discussed to explore the resource utilization of multi-way vanadium slag. In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by vanadium slag, the experimental results show that the vanadium slag has the characteristics of high silicon, high aluminum and low calcium, which accounts for more than 85% Sio 2 and Al2O3, and belongs to high silicon aluminum slag. It can be used as raw material to prepare light wall insulation material. 2) by single factor test and orthogonal test, The optimum process conditions for the preparation of lightweight wall materials by calcium vanadium slag were determined as follows: A2B 1C2D3. Under this condition, the compressive strength, volume density, thermal conductivity and water absorption of the specimens sintered at 6MPa, 0.9g / cm ~ 3, 0.25W / m 路K ~ (-1) and 16W / m ~ (-1), respectively, were determined to meet the requirements of heat preservation material properties of light wall. (3) XRD and SEM microanalysis show that the wall insulation material specimen, The mineral composition of the specimen is mainly calcium feldspar and mullite. It can also be seen that the formation of material with crystal phase on the cross section. 4) the test results using calcium vanadium slag and wet process vanadium slag as cement mixture show that when the content of wet process vanadium slag is 25, the specimens of cement mixture can resist bending. The compressive strength meets the requirements of GB175-2007 < universal Portland cement > P 路C32.5; when the content is 鈮，

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