废ZnO脱硫剂的转化利用及再生研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 01:06

本文选题：废脱硫剂　切入点：阳离子交换　出处：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：H_2S气体是危害极大的环境污染物之一,深度脱除H_2S经常采用氧化锌基脱硫剂,纳米氧化锌吸收H_2S后转变为ZnS而失去活性。氧化锌基废脱硫剂的再生已成为其再利用的瓶颈,造成资源的极度浪费和环境污染,因此对废脱硫剂的转化利用及再生研究具有重要的意义。采用阳离子交换法,在水溶液中,将废脱硫剂(主要成份ZnS)与不同的可溶性铜盐(氯化铜、硝酸铜、硫酸铜、醋酸铜)反应,使其转化为纳米硫化铜,分析了铜盐的种类、反应时间、反应温度等的影响,采用多种手段对纳米硫化铜的结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明,铜盐的种类对纳米硫化铜形貌有重要影响;随着反应温度的升高,阳离子交换速率越快;反应时间越长,沉淀转化越完全。将合成的纳米硫化铜应用于超级电容器、锂离子电池、光催化降解有机废水,测试了其电化学和光催化性能。结果表明,将其作为超级电容器的电极材料,循环伏安法测得其比电容最大为889.88 F/g,但循环性能有待改善;采用硫酸铜为铜盐,温度为100℃条件下合成的纳米硫化铜作为锂离子电池材料性能较差,进行碳包覆后其首次放电比容量为698.8 mAh·g-1,循环40次后放电比容量仍能保持在382.8 m Ah·g-1;将硝酸铜制得产物包碳后的首圈比容量为676.4 mAh·g-1,100次后为677.5 mAh·g-1;在463 nm的氙灯照射下,硝酸铜为铜盐,温度为100℃条件下合成的纳米硫化铜对甲基橙溶液的降解率为45.23%,说明所合成的纳米硫化铜具有一定的光催化性能。以合成纳米硫化铜得到的锌盐上清液为原料,以氨水为沉淀剂制备纳米氧化锌,研究了锌盐的浓度、洗涤剂的种类及pH值对纳米氧化锌粒径的影响及再生后纳米氧化锌的脱硫性能。结果表明,锌盐的浓度对纳米氧化锌的粒径影响不大,乙醇作为洗涤剂、pH值为8.2时有利于生成较小粒径的纳米氧化锌;氯化铜为铜盐,温度为100℃条件下合成硫化铜的上清液再生得到的纳米氧化锌的脱硫性能优于由硝酸锌试剂制得纳米氧化锌,穿透硫容分别为32.57%和30.82%。
[Abstract]:H_2S gas is one of the great environmental pollutants, deep removal of H_2S often adopts Zinc Oxide based sorbents, Zinc Oxide H_2S nano absorption and converted into a ZnS lose activity. Zinc Oxide based desulfurizer regeneration waste has already become the bottleneck for reuse, and environmental pollution caused by extreme waste of resources, so it is of great significance to research on regeneration the transformation and utilization of waste desulfurizer. Using cation exchange method in aqueous solution, the waste desulfurizer (main components ZnS) and soluble copper salts (different copper chloride, copper nitrate, copper sulfate, copper acetate) reaction, the conversion of copper sulfide nanoparticles, analyzes the types of copper salt reaction time the effects of reaction temperature, the structure and morphology of copper sulfide nanoparticles were characterized by different methods. The results showed that the types of copper salts have an important effect on the morphology of nano copper sulfide; with the increase of the reaction temperature, cation Exchange rate is faster; the longer reaction time, precipitation transformation is more complete. The synthesis of copper sulfide nanoparticles should be used for supercapacitor, lithium ion battery, the photocatalytic degradation of organic wastewater, the electrochemical and photocatalytic properties were tested. The results show that as the electrode material for super capacitor, cyclic voltammetry test the maximum specific capacitance of 889.88 F/g, but the cycle performance needs to be improved; by using copper sulfate as copper salt, the temperature is 100 DEG C under the condition of the synthesis of copper sulfide nanoparticles as the poor performance of lithium ion battery materials, carbon coated after the initial discharge capacity was 698.8 mAh / g-1, after 40 cycles the discharge capacity is still can be maintained at 382.8 m Ah g-1; nitrate copper was the product of carbon coating after the first ring than the capacity of 676.4 mAh g-1100 after 677.5 mAh g-1; in the 463 nm xenon lamp irradiation for copper copper salt, the temperature is 100 DEG C under the condition of the synthesis of nano M copper sulfide degradation of methyl orange solution was 45.23%, that of copper sulfide nano particles synthesized with photocatalytic performance of the zinc salt. The supernatant was obtained by synthesis of copper sulfide nanoparticles as raw material, using ammonia as precipitator to prepare nano Zinc Oxide research, zinc salt concentration, type and pH value of the washing agent the influence of particle size of nano Zinc Oxide and regeneration after nano Zinc Oxide desulfurization performance. The results showed that the concentration of zinc salt on the nano particle size has little effect on Zinc Oxide, ethanol as detergent, pH value of 8.2 is favourable for the formation of smaller size of nano Zinc Oxide; copper chloride as the copper salt, the desulfurization performance is better than the supernatant temperature is 100 DEG C under the condition of synthesis of copper sulfide nanoparticles obtained by the regeneration of Zinc Oxide Zinc Oxide reagent to prepare nano zinc nitrate, sulfur capacity were 32.57% and 30.82%.

【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X701;TQ132.41

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