氧化锌复合薄膜的制备及光电化学性质研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 14:33

本文选题：氧化锌　切入点：纳米复合物　出处：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于ZnO具有良好的光电性质及电子转移行为,在许多领域有广泛的应用前景,如气体传感器、催化剂、发光二极管、光电探测器、陶瓷、场致发光电设备,场效应晶体管以及太阳能电池。人们已合成不同形貌的纳米ZnO,如：纳米颗粒、纳米线、纳米棒、纳米花状以及纳米片,并且研究了其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用。近年来,如何提高太阳能的利用率引起了广泛关注,制备了一系列太阳能电池电极新材料。本论文在合成ZnO纳米颗粒和ZnO纳米薄片的基础上,利用提拉涂覆法和电化学沉积法,制备多种复合薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对所得复合薄膜进行表征,并且研究各种薄膜的光电转换性质,探讨复合薄膜在太阳能电池中的应用。论文最后研究了鲁米诺的电化学发光行为及ZnO对电化学发光的影响。主要研究内容如下：1.电化学还原法一步制ZnO/Se/RGO复合薄膜及光电转换性质的研究利用导电玻璃为工作电极、铂片为对电极、饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,在恒电位下,一步电化学沉积法制备ZnO/Se/RGO复合薄膜。利用X-射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计对所得复合薄膜进行表征。结果表明：片层的ZnO、珊瑚状的Se与还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)三者均匀地复合在一起。对所得复合薄膜的光电转换性质及机理进行了详细研究,通过在KI溶液中加入H202,探讨电解质体系对光电转换性质的影响。结果表明：复合薄膜较之单体薄膜具有更好的光电转换性质,最佳的电解质体系(即KI-I2溶液)可以使光电转换电流强度提高一倍以上。由于ZnO/Se/RGO复合薄膜具有优良光电化学活性,在可见光辐射下可以产生强而稳定的光电流,因此可以用作太阳能电池材料。2. ZnO/Au/TiO2纳米复合薄膜的制备及光电化学活性以含有Au和ZnO纳米颗粒的氢氧化钛溶胶作为成膜液,通过浸渍-提拉及灼烧处理,在导电玻璃表面制备Zn0/Au/TiO2复合薄膜。利用X-射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜等方法对所得产物进行表征。结果表明,Au和ZnO纳米颗粒均匀地分布在多孔Ti02薄膜上。测试结果表明,通过TiO2、ZnO和Au三组分的协同效应促进了光吸收和光生电荷分离,使ZnO/Au/TiO2复合薄膜在可见光下具有较好的光电转换性质,可用作太阳能电池材料。3.基于玻碳电极的鲁米诺电化学发光分析采用循环伏安技术,系统地研究了鲁米诺在玻碳电极上的电化学发光行为,通过一系列实验,探讨了可能的电化学发光机理及影响因素,包括ZnO对鲁米诺电化学发光行为的影响。结果表明,通过调节电位扫描范围可以有效地增强鲁米诺的电化学发光强度,提高发光稳定性。基于鲁米诺在所选电位范围内强而稳定的ECl发光性质,建立了一种简便的电化学发光分析方法,并将其用于检测Cu2+和多巴胺,取得了令人满意的结果。
[Abstract]:Because of its good photoelectric properties and electron transfer behavior, ZnO has been widely used in many fields, such as gas sensors, catalysts, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, ceramics, and field-induced photovoltaic devices. Field effect transistors and solar cells. Nanocrystalline ZnO with different morphologies, such as nanocrystalline particles, nanowires, nanorods, nanorods and nanochips have been synthesized, and their applications in dye sensitized solar cells have been studied in recent years. How to improve the utilization rate of solar energy has attracted much attention and a series of new solar cell electrode materials have been prepared. Based on the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO nanocrystals, the method of Czochralski coating and electrochemical deposition was used. Various composite films were prepared. The composite films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the photoelectric conversion properties of the films were studied. The application of composite film in solar cells was discussed. Finally, the electroluminescence behavior of Lumino and the effect of ZnO on electroluminescence were studied. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Electrochemical reduction method to prepare ZnO/Se/RGO composite film. And the study of the photoelectric conversion properties, using conductive glass as the working electrode, ZnO/Se/RGO composite thin films were prepared by one step electrochemical deposition at constant potential with platinum sheet as opposite electrode and saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode. X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope were used to prepare ZnO/Se/RGO composite film. The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used to characterize the composite films. The results showed that the ZnO, the coral-like se and the reduced graphene oxide RGOwere uniformly mixed together. The photoelectric conversion properties of the composite films were also studied. And the mechanism is studied in detail. The effect of electrolyte system on the photoelectric conversion properties was investigated by adding H202.The results show that the composite films have better photoelectric conversion properties than monomers. The optimal electrolyte system (i.e. KI-I2 solution) can double the current intensity of photoelectric conversion. Because the ZnO/Se/RGO composite film has excellent photochemical activity, it can produce strong and stable photocurrent under visible light radiation. Therefore, it can be used as solar cell material. 2. Preparation and photochemical activity of ZnO/Au/TiO2 nanocomposite film. Titanium hydroxide sol containing au and ZnO nanoparticles is used as film-forming solution, which is treated by impregnation, Czochralski and burning. Zn0/Au/TiO2 composite films were prepared on the surface of conductive glass. The products were characterized by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that au and ZnO nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on porous Ti02 films. Through the synergistic effect of TiO2ZnO and au, the photoabsorption and photocharge separation are promoted, and the ZnO/Au/TiO2 composite films have better photoelectric conversion properties under visible light. Luminol electroluminescence analysis based on glassy carbon electrode. The electroluminescence behavior of luminol on glassy carbon electrode was systematically studied by cyclic voltammetry. The possible electrochemiluminescence mechanism and its influencing factors, including the effect of ZnO on the luminol electroluminescence behavior, were discussed. The results showed that the electroluminescence intensity of the luminol could be effectively enhanced by adjusting the range of potential scanning. Based on the strong and stable luminescence properties of ECl in the selected potential range, a simple electrochemical luminescence analysis method was established and applied to the detection of Cu2 and dopamine with satisfactory results.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ132.41;TB383.2

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