多孔泡沫陶瓷对生物质气化焦油裂解转化的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 18:09

本文选题：生物质焦油　切入点：苯酚　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：焦油是生物质气化过程中不可避免的副产物,它的成分非常复杂,大部分为芳香族化合物,包括苯、甲苯、二甲苯、萘、苯酚和苯乙烯等。焦油对用气设备、气化系统、生态环境和人体健康等会产生十分不利的影响,因此如何将焦油脱除或者降低焦油含量成为生物质气化过程中一个非常关键的问题。本文首先介绍了生物质气化技术以及生物质焦油的形成机理、危害和脱除方法,对目前最先进、最有效的焦油脱除方法催化裂解法的研究现状进行了描述。同时,介绍了生物质焦油模化物的选取、SiC多孔泡沫陶瓷、催化剂的制备以及催化裂解实验主要衡量指标等,为后续实验提供了理论基础。本文将苯酚作为生物质焦油的模化物,SiC多孔泡沫陶瓷作为Ni基催化剂的负载体,采用正交实验法在实验平台上对苯酚进行催化裂解,探究不同反应条件和不同催化剂制备条件对苯酚催化裂解的影响。在不同反应条件对苯酚催化裂解影响的实验研究中,探究了反应温度(Tf)、水碳比(S/C)和催化剂负载量(E)等反应条件对苯酚催化裂解的影响,考察指标包括苯酚转化率、H2产率及催化裂解气体产物中H2占比、CO占比和CH4占比。采用极差分析法和方差分析法对实验结果进行分析,探究各因素影响考察指标的主次顺序及显著性,并得出各个考察指标对应的最优反应条件组合。在不同催化剂制备条件对苯酚催化裂解影响的实验研究中,探究了催化剂焙烧时间(t)、焙烧温度(Tb)和催化剂负载体孔隙密度(N)等催化剂制备条件对苯酚催化裂解的影响。采用极差分析法和方差分析法对实验结果进行分析,探究各因素影响考察指标的主次顺序及显著性,并得出各个考察指标对应的最优催化剂制备条件组合。对不同焙烧时间和焙烧温度负载Ni的SiC多孔泡沫陶瓷进行SEM表征,并对比其形貌变化。本文为生物质焦油的催化裂解提供了一定的理论支持,对实际操作过程中反应条件和催化剂制备条件的选择有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Tar is an inevitable by-product in the gasification of biomass. Its composition is very complex, most of which are aromatic compounds, including benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, phenol and styrene.Tar has adverse effects on gas equipment, gasification system, ecological environment and human health. Therefore, how to remove tar or reduce tar content has become a key problem in biomass gasification process.This paper first introduces the biomass gasification technology, the formation mechanism, harm and removal methods of biomass tar, and describes the research status of the most advanced and effective method of tar removal by catalytic cracking.At the same time, the selection of biomass tar model material, sic porous foam ceramics, the preparation of catalyst and the main indexes of catalytic cracking experiment were introduced, which provided the theoretical basis for further experiments.In this paper, phenol was used as the model of biomass tar and sic porous foam ceramic was used as the negative carrier of Ni based catalyst.The effects of different reaction conditions and different catalyst preparation conditions on phenol catalytic cracking were investigated.In the experimental study of the effect of different reaction conditions on the catalytic cracking of phenol, the effects of reaction temperature (TfN), water / carbon ratio (S / C) and catalyst loading amount (E) on the catalytic cracking of phenol were investigated.The indexes include the conversion of phenol and the yield of H _ 2, H _ 2 / CO and CH4 in the products of catalytic cracking gas.The range analysis method and variance analysis method were used to analyze the experimental results, to explore the influence of various factors on the order and significance of the inspection index, and to obtain the optimal reaction condition combination of each investigation index.In the experimental study of the effect of different preparation conditions on phenol catalytic cracking, the effects of catalyst preparation conditions such as calcination time, calcination temperature, and negative carrier pore density on phenol catalytic cracking were investigated.The range analysis method and variance analysis method were used to analyze the experimental results, to explore the influence of various factors on the primary and secondary order and significance of the indicators, and to obtain the optimal conditions for the preparation of the catalyst.SiC porous foam ceramics loaded with Ni at different calcination time and calcination temperature were characterized by SEM and their morphologies were compared.This paper provides some theoretical support for the catalytic cracking of biomass tar, and has certain guiding significance for the selection of reaction conditions and catalyst preparation conditions in practical operation.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TK6;TQ174.1

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