氧空位型纳米ZnO可见光催化降解水体甲醛性能的研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 12:15

本文选题：氧空位　切入点：光催化剂　出处：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：甲醛是一种常见的工业原材料,被广泛应用于医疗,塑料,纺织,染料以及隔热材料等诸多领域。然而,由于其不低的毒性对生态环境以及人类的健康都会造成严重影响,故而利用光催化降解的办法降低甲醛危害成为目前的研究热门之一。其中,Zn O半导体光催化剂由于其在降解有机物上具有较高的量子转换率成为降解水体甲醛的一个选择方案。但ZnO的宽带隙限制了其对占太阳能约43%的可见光的吸收。因此开发具有可见光响应能力的Zn O至关重要。本文运用简便的制备方法得到了含有氧空位点缺陷的ZnO半导体材料,并对其降解水体甲醛的性能进行了研究。研究结果如下:(1)本文运用一种较为简便的方法制备氧空位型纳米ZnO。使用XRD,TEM,HRTEM,SAED,Raman,FT-IR以及UV-VIS等测试方法进行检测,采用第一性原理对氧空位浓度与ZnO禁带宽度之间的关系进行了探讨。得到氧空位在ZnO晶体表面可以作为活性位点捕获含氧基团,Zn O禁带宽度随着晶体内部氧空位浓度的增大而减小的结论。(2)研究了退火烧结温度与ZnO中氧空位浓度之间的关系以及ZnO中氧空位浓度对其降解水体甲醛的影响。得到退火烧结温度越低,ZnO晶体中的氧空位浓度越高,其在可见光下降解水体甲醛性能越好的结论。并且对氧空位在降解水体甲醛中的作用做了初步的说明。
[Abstract]:Formaldehyde is a common industrial raw material, which is widely used in medical, plastic, textile, dyestuff and thermal insulation materials.However, due to its high toxicity to the ecological environment and human health, the use of photocatalytic degradation method to reduce the harm of formaldehyde has become one of the hot research.Because of its high quantum conversion rate in degradation of organic compounds, Zn-O semiconductor photocatalyst has become an alternative scheme for degradation of formaldehyde in water.But ZnO's broadband gap limits its absorption of visible light, which accounts for about 43% of solar energy.Therefore, it is very important to develop Zn O with visible light response ability.In this paper, ZnO semiconductor materials containing oxygen vacancy defects were obtained by a simple preparation method, and their degradation properties of formaldehyde in water were studied.The results are as follows: (1) in this paper, a simple method is used to prepare oxygen vacancy ZnO nanoparticles.The relationship between the oxygen vacancy concentration and the band gap of ZnO was investigated by using the methods of XRDD-Tem, HRTEMM-SAEDM-FT-IR and UV-VIS, and the relationship between the concentration of oxygen vacancy and the width of ZnO bandgap was discussed.The results show that oxygen vacancy on the surface of ZnO crystal can be used as an active site to capture oxygen containing groups. The gap width of Zn O band decreases with the increase of oxygen vacancy concentration in the crystal. The annealing sintering temperature and the oxygen vacancy concentration in ZnO have been studied.And the effect of oxygen vacancy concentration in ZnO on the degradation of formaldehyde in water.It is concluded that the higher the oxygen vacancy concentration in ZnO crystal is, the better the degradation of formaldehyde in water is under visible light.The role of oxygen vacancy in degradation of formaldehyde in water was also explained.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ132.41;O643.36

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