花岗岩石粉加气砌块的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 18:21

本文选题：花岗岩石粉 + 加气砌块　；参考：《济南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文采用高温高压蒸养工艺,以磨细花岗岩石粉为主要原材料,以石灰、石膏、水泥、引气剂、发泡剂等为辅助原料,通过研究并调整工艺条件及原料配比,得到各原材料及实验条件对加气砌块性能的影响规律。制备出集轻质、隔热、抗收缩、防火、施工方便等优点于一体并符合国家标准要求的保温材料—蒸压加气混凝土保温砌块。蒸压时间和蒸压压力对干密度和抗压强度的影响较要大于石粉细度。随着蒸压时间的延长,砌块的干密度和吸水率皆先增大后减小,抗压强度逐渐增大。随着蒸压压力的提高,干密度和吸水率皆先减小后增大,抗压强度先增大后减小。最佳蒸压时间为8h,蒸压压力为1.0MPa,石粉细度为523 m2/kg。随着水料比和铝粉膏掺量的增加,砌块的干密度和抗压强度均降低,吸水率增大。随着水泥掺量的增加,抗压强度增大,但掺量过多对强度的提高不明显。得到较优配比的加气砌块,其干密度622kg/m3,吸水率59.5%,抗压强度4.2MPa,达到B06级砌块的标准要求。调整水料比,铝粉膏掺量和水泥掺量,得到优化配比的加气砌块,其干密度684kg/m3,吸水率55.2%,抗压强度5.4MPa,达到B07级加气砌块的标准要求。单因素实验得到引气剂,生石灰和石膏掺量对砌块性能的影响规律,并确定了最佳掺量,得到砌块最优配合比,即水料比0.475,铝粉膏掺量0.1wt%,水泥掺量21wt%,花岗岩石粉掺量59wt%,引气剂掺量0.1wt%,生石灰掺量12wt%,石膏掺量5wt%,砌块干密度818 kg/m3,吸水率48.5%,抗压强度8.6MPa,满足B08级加气砌块的标准要求。通过导热系数与干密度的线性拟合方程,得出较优配比的B06、B07、B08级加气砌块的导热系数分别为0.16、0.17、0.20 W/(m.K),均符合国家标准要求。采用XRD和SEM等技术手段研究了花岗岩石粉加气砌块水化产物的种类、结构和形貌特征,水化产物主要是各种形式的托勃莫来石、C-S-H凝胶,水化硅酸钙,以及未反应的石英颗粒。砌块中的宏观孔是一些相互独立、互不联通的封闭孔,孔径大约在1.5-3mm之间。微观孔由各水化产物相互交叉连接而形成,孔径大约在1μm~3μm之间。
[Abstract]:In this paper, high temperature and high pressure steaming technique is adopted, with fine granitic rock powder as main raw material, lime, gypsum, cement, air entraining agent, foaming agent and so on as auxiliary raw materials. The effects of raw materials and experimental conditions on the properties of aerated block are obtained. The insulation material, autoclaved aerated concrete insulation block, which has the advantages of light weight, heat insulation, anti-shrinkage, anti-fire and convenient construction, has been prepared. The effect of autoclaving time and pressure on dry density and compressive strength is larger than that of stone powder. With the increase of autoclaving time, the dry density and water absorption of block increase first and then decrease, and the compressive strength increases gradually. With the increase of autoclaved pressure, the dry density and water absorption decreased first and then increased, and the compressive strength first increased and then decreased. The optimum autoclaving time is 8 h, the autoclaved pressure is 1.0 MPA, the fineness of stone powder is 523 m2 / kg. With the increase of the ratio of water to material and the amount of aluminum powder paste, the dry density and compressive strength of block decreased, and the water absorption increased. The compressive strength increases with the increase of cement content, but the increase of strength is not obvious. The aerated block with a better proportion has a dry density of 622kg / m ~ (3), a water absorption of 59.5% and a compressive strength of 4.2 MPA, which meets the standard requirement of B06 grade block. By adjusting the ratio of water to material, the amount of aluminum powder paste and the content of cement, the aerated block with optimized mix ratio is obtained. The dry density is 684 kg / m ~ (3), the water absorption is 55.2% and the compressive strength is 5.4 MPA, which meets the standard requirement of B07 grade aerated block. The influence of air entraining agent, quicklime and gypsum on the properties of block is obtained by single factor experiment. The optimum blending ratio of block is obtained by determining the optimum amount of air entraining agent, quicklime and gypsum. That is, the ratio of water to material is 0.475, the amount of aluminum powder paste 0.1 wts, the cement content 21wtth, the granitic rock powder 59wtt, the air entraining agent 0.1wtand, the quicklime 12wtand the gypsum 5wt3wt, the dry density of block 818 / kgm3, the water absorption 48.5and the compressive strength 8.6MPa, meeting the standard requirements of B08 grade aerated block. Based on the linear fitting equation between thermal conductivity and dry density, it is obtained that the thermal conductivity of B06 / B07 / B08 aerated block is 0.16 / 0.17 / 0.20 W / L / K ~ (-1) respectively, which meets the requirements of the national standard. The types, structure and morphology of hydration products of granitic powder aerated blocks were studied by means of XRD and SEM. The hydration products were mainly composed of various forms of Tobromolite C-S-H gel, calcium silicate hydrate and unreacted quartz particles. The macro-holes in the block are mutually independent and disconnected, and the aperture is about between 1.5-3mm. The micropores are formed by the cross-linking of hydration products with pore size of about 1 渭 m ~ 3 渭 m.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU522.3

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