基于磨料水射流的工程陶瓷磨削实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 13:48

本文选题：磨料水射流 + 磨削　；参考：《西华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：工程陶瓷是一种特殊的先进陶瓷材料,目前每年工程陶瓷材料的使用量占陶瓷材料总量的32%。工程陶瓷材料具有良好的物理和化学性质,被广泛应用于汽车工业、航空航天、电子电器、石油化工等领域。由于工程陶瓷材料的热压、烧结、真空挤压等成型工艺,导致它与金属相比可加工性较差,工程陶瓷零件的加工费用通常占到零件成本的70%~90%。近年来,磨料水射流(Abrasive Water Jet,AWJ)技术飞速发展,它是纯水射流的一种增强形式,具有加工温度低、切口质量好、精度高、噪声小、对被加工材料无选择性、加工方便等优点,被广泛应用于硬质合金、玻璃、陶瓷、复合材料等传统方法难加工材料的加工上。目前,较为成熟的AWJ加工工艺有切割、铣削、车削、抛光、钻削等,AWJ的磨削加工拓展了其加工工艺,具有非常高的研究价值。本文采用AWJ方法对工程陶瓷进行磨削实验研究,论文通过结合传统磨削加工过程和AWJ加工过程对AWJ磨削加工进行了一系列的理论研究,研究得出AWJ磨削加工工程陶瓷材料的加工机理、磨削模型以及磨削过程中影响材料表面粗糙度的主要因素。本文采用单一变量法对射流系统压力、喷嘴移动速度、靶距、磨料流量、横向进给量以及磨料粒度这六个重要因素进行了实验研究。实验结果显示,射流系统压力增加,材料表面粗糙度值增大;喷嘴移动速度增加,材料表面粗糙度值缓慢减小;随着靶距的增加,材料表面粗糙度值先减小后增大,在参数范围内存在一个最优靶距;磨料流量增加,材料表面粗糙度值明显减小;横向进给量增加,材料表面粗糙度值缓慢减小;200目碳化硅磨料磨削作用下的氧化铝陶瓷表面粗糙度值小于同等条件下80目碳化硅磨料磨削的结果。论文针对影响磨削材料表面粗糙度的四个主要参数进行了正交实验设计,并对实验结果进行极差分析。分析结果显示,射流系统压力对表面粗糙度的影响最大,其次是磨料流量、靶距,影响最小的是喷嘴移动速度;在实验因素水平内,选用80MPa的射流系统压力、20mm/s的喷嘴移动速度、30mm的靶距、90.6g/min的磨料流量能得到最小的表面粗糙度。本文利用多元非线性回归分析方法和Matlab工具,建立了AWJ磨削加工氧化铝陶瓷的表面粗糙度值预测模型0650.00102.01301.00084.1158.317???R?VmSPa,并通过实验验证该模型的平均误差仅为5.49%,证明这一模型具有较高的可靠性,有一定的实际指导意义。
[Abstract]:Engineering ceramics is a special kind of advanced ceramic material. At present, the use of engineering ceramics, which accounts for 32%. engineering ceramics, has good physical and chemical properties. It is widely used in the automotive industry, aerospace, electronics, petrochemical and other fields. Because of the hot pressing and sintering of engineering ceramics, it is true. Air extrusion and other molding processes lead to poor machinability compared with metal. The processing cost of engineering ceramic parts usually accounts for the cost of part 70%~90%. in recent years. The abrasive water jet (Abrasive Water Jet, AWJ) technology has developed rapidly. It is an enhanced type of pure water jet, with low processing temperature, good notch quality, high precision and noise. Small, with the advantages of no selective material and convenient processing, it is widely used in the processing of hard alloy, glass, ceramic, composite and other traditional methods. At present, the more mature AWJ processing technology is cutting, milling, turning, polishing, drilling and so on. The grinding process of AWJ has expanded its processing technology and has very high research. In this paper, the AWJ method is used to study the grinding experiment of engineering ceramics. A series of theoretical studies on the grinding process of AWJ are carried out by combining the traditional grinding process and the AWJ process. The mechanism of the machining of the engineering ceramics by AWJ grinding, the grinding model and the rough surface roughness are obtained. In this paper, a single variable method is used to study the six important factors, the pressure of the jet system, the velocity of the nozzle, the distance of the target, the flow of the abrasive, the lateral feed and the particle size. The experimental results show that the pressure of the jet system increases, the surface roughness of the material increases, the velocity of the nozzle increases and the surface of the material is increased. The roughness of the material decreases slowly, with the increase of the target distance, the surface roughness of the material decreases first and then increases, and the surface roughness of the material decreases obviously, the surface roughness of the material decreases, the surface roughness of the material decreases slowly, and the surface roughness of the material decreases slowly, and the alumina ceramics under the action of 200 mesh SiC abrasive grinding will be reduced. The surface roughness of porcelain is less than the result of 80 mesh SiC grinding under the same condition. This paper designs the orthogonal experimental design for four main parameters affecting the surface roughness of the grinding material, and carries out the extreme analysis of the experimental results. The results show that the influence of the pressure on the surface roughness is the most, and the second is the abrasive flow. At the level of experimental factors, the jet velocity of 80MPa, the moving velocity of 20mm/s nozzle, the target distance of 30mm and the abrasive flow of 90.6g/min can get the minimum surface roughness. In this paper, the oxidation of AWJ grinding is established by multiple nonlinear regression analysis and Matlab tools. The prediction model of the surface roughness value of aluminum ceramics 0650.00102.01301.00084.1158.317??? R? VmSPa, and the average error of the model is only 5.49%, which proves that the model has high reliability and has certain practical significance.

【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ174.6

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