基于维管束植物碳纳米材料的制备及其吸附性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 09:42

本文选题：维管束植物 + 碳纳米管　；参考：《渤海大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以维管束植物为碳源分别制备碳纳米管、石墨烯和碳纳米球。探讨了制备三种碳纳米材料的形成机理,并研究三种碳纳米材料对罗丹明B和重金属离子(Cu2+和Zn2+)的吸附情况。结果如下:1、以杨树落叶为碳源通过水热法制备的碳纳米管聚合成狼牙棒状,长度约400 nm-1000 nm,向外一端较细,少量呈开口状。碳纳米管结晶度高但管壁上存在缺陷。2、以紫丁香落叶为碳源经酸化后氧气辅助多次热解制备多层石墨烯,表面有一定的缺陷。3、以柳树落叶为碳源在氧气辅助下多次热解制备碳纳米球,结果表明制得的碳纳米球为直径约100 nm的实心球。具有良好的结晶性。4、分别用三种制得的碳纳米材料对罗丹明B、Cu2+和Zn2+进行吸附,发现碳纳米管对罗丹明B、Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附平衡时间分别为4 h、1 h和2.5 h。石墨烯对罗丹明B、Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附平衡时间分别9 h、2 h和3.5 h。碳纳米球对罗丹明B、Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附平衡时间分别5 h、0.5 h和2 h。在相同初始浓度和投加量下,三种碳纳米材料对罗丹明B吸附能力由强到弱依次为石墨烯碳纳米球碳纳米管。对Cu2+的吸附能力由强到弱依次为碳纳米球碳纳米管石墨烯。对Zn2+的吸附能力由强到弱依次为石墨烯碳纳米管碳纳米球。5、三种碳纳米材料对罗丹明B、Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附量均随着吸附质初始浓度的增加而增大,随着吸附剂的投加量增大而减小。吸附罗丹明B时,吸附量均随pH增加而减小,而对Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附量随pH的增大而增大。6、所有的吸附均符合准二级动力学方程,Freundiich模型比Langmuir更有利于描述吸附过程。
[Abstract]:In this paper, carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon nanospheres were prepared by using vascular bundle plants as carbon source. The formation mechanism of three kinds of carbon nanomaterials was discussed, and the adsorption of Rhodamine B and heavy metal ions (Cu2 and Zn2) on the three carbon nanomaterials was studied. The results are as follows: 1. The carbon nanotubes prepared by hydrothermal method with poplar deciduous leaves as carbon source are polymerized to the shape of a wolf tooth rod, the length is about 400 nm-1000 / nm.The outer end is thin and a small amount of carbon nanotubes are open. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have high crystallinity but defects on the wall. The multilayer graphene was prepared by oxygen assisted pyrolysis with eugenol leaves as carbon source. The carbon nanospheres were prepared by pyrolysis of willow leaves as carbon source with the aid of oxygen. The results showed that the carbon nanospheres were solid spheres with a diameter of about 100 nm. It was found that the adsorption equilibrium time of Rhodamine Bu Cu2 and Zn2 for Rhodamine Bu Cu2 and Zn2 were 4 h and 2.5 h, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium time of graphene for Rhodamine Bu Cu 2 and Zn2 was 9 h / 2 h and 3.5 h, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium time of Rhodamine Bu Cu2 and Zn2 was 0.5 h and 2 h, respectively. At the same initial concentration and dosage, the adsorption ability of the three carbon nanomaterials to Rhodamine B was in the order of graphene carbon nanotubes from strong to weak. The adsorption ability of Cu2 from strong to weak is carbon nanospheroidal carbon nanotube graphene. The adsorption capacity of Zn2 from strong to weak is graphene carbon nanotube carbon nanospheres. The adsorption capacity of three kinds of carbon nanomaterials to Rhodamine Bu Cu2 and Zn2 increase with the increase of the initial concentration of adsorbent and decrease with the addition of adsorbent. When Rhodamine B was adsorbed, the adsorption capacity decreased with the increase of pH, while the adsorption capacity of Cu2 and Zn2 increased with the increase of pH. All the adsorptions were in accordance with the quasi second-order kinetic equation. Freundiich model was better than Langmuir in describing the adsorption process.
【学位授予单位】：渤海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ127.11;TB383.1

【参考文献】