秸秆菱镁混凝土保温性能试验与应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 15:24

本文选题：秸秆菱镁混凝土 + 保温性能　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑能耗属于消费性能耗,与人们生活需求关系密切,随着城镇化建设的迅速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,我国建筑能耗还将持续上升,建筑节能挑战巨大。农作物秸秆作为我国农业生产的废弃物,产量巨大,但“秸秆焚烧”已成为一个社会性问题,部分地区政府明令禁止秸秆焚烧。这些秸秆焚烧,既浪费了自然资源,又对环境造成了污染。放眼别国,“秸秆饲料”、“秸秆气化发电”等新途径、新思路早已被科研人员所探究。在建筑领域,秸秆也被作为建筑材料代替砖、木等常规材料加以利用,发挥其节能环保、隔音隔热等优点。菱镁水泥,又称氯氧镁水泥(Magnesium Oxychloride Cement或MOC),是一种无机胶凝材料,其主要组成成分氧化镁和氯化镁在我国储量巨多。菱镁水泥具有良好的抗压强度、抗折强度、耐火性和粘接性,但其耐水性差、易返卤泛白、易变形。农作物秸秆结合菱镁水泥制成秸秆菱镁混凝土,以菱镁水泥为胶凝材料,以秸秆纤维为加筋材料,添加特定的改性外加剂,两者结合用于环保型建筑材料是一个新的应用方向,为农业废弃物资源化利用和建筑节能提供了新途径。本研究课题首先从秸秆菱镁混凝土的密度、强度、导热系数等主要控制参数出发,先通过大量试验试配出秸秆菱镁混凝土原材料用量的合理范围。通过正交试验分析秸秆掺量、胶凝材料配比和砂掺量3个因素对秸秆菱镁混凝土保温性能的影响,再通过单因素试验研究含水率、秸秆长度对秸秆菱镁混凝土导热系数的影响,得出各种原材料的最佳配合比。然后采用冷热箱-热流计法测定了秸秆菱镁混凝土砌块墙体的传热系数,并测试了该材料密度较低时的立方体抗压强度,显示了较好的保温性和承载力。最后对秸秆菱镁混凝土在农房保温改造中应用的进行了研究,通过混凝土空心砌块房的保温改造,研究了秸秆菱镁混凝土保温板的制作工艺和保温改造技术,测试了房屋的保温性能,并与普通砖房的保温性能进行了对比分析。通过对混凝土空心砌块房屋的保温改造,形成了较为成熟的保温改造施工工艺;对改造房进行热工分析和经济分析,秸秆菱镁混凝土保温板表现出良好的保温性能和经济效益,房屋保温改造效果明显。该新型秸秆菱镁混凝土材料保温隔热性能好,节能环保,极具推广应用价值。
[Abstract]:Building energy consumption belongs to consumer energy consumption, which is closely related to people's living needs. With the rapid development of urbanization construction and the continuous improvement of people's living standard, building energy consumption in China will continue to rise, and the challenge of building energy conservation will be enormous. Crop straw, as the waste of agricultural production in China, has a huge output, but "straw burning" has become a social problem, and some local governments explicitly prohibit straw burning. These straw incineration not only wastes natural resources, but also pollutes the environment. Looking at other countries, "straw feed", "straw gasification power generation" and other new ways, new ideas have been explored by researchers. In the field of construction, straw is also used as building material instead of brick, wood and other conventional materials to play its energy-saving, environmental protection, sound insulation and other advantages. Magnesium Oxychloride Cement or MOC is a kind of inorganic cementitious material, the main components of which are magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, which have huge reserves in China. Magnesite cement has good compressive strength, flexural strength, fire resistance and bonding property, but its water resistance is poor, easy to return to halogen white, easy to deform. Straw magnesite concrete is made from crop straw and magnesite cement. It is a new application direction to combine crop straw with magnesite cement as cementitious material, straw fiber as reinforced material and special modified admixture. It provides a new way for the utilization of agricultural wastes and building energy conservation. Based on the main control parameters such as density, strength and thermal conductivity of straw magnesite concrete, the reasonable range of raw material dosage of straw magnesite concrete is obtained through a large number of experiments. The effects of straw content, cement material ratio and sand content on the thermal insulation properties of straw magnesite concrete were analyzed by orthogonal test. The effects of moisture content and straw length on thermal conductivity of straw magnesite concrete were studied by single factor test. Get the best mix ratio of all kinds of raw materials. Then the heat transfer coefficient of straw magnesite concrete block wall is measured by the method of hot and cold box. The cube compressive strength of this material is measured when the density of the material is low, which shows that the heat transfer coefficient of straw magnesite concrete block wall is better than that of other materials, and that the heat transfer coefficient of straw magnesite concrete block wall is better. Finally, the application of straw magnesite concrete in the thermal insulation reconstruction of agricultural houses is studied. Through the thermal insulation transformation of concrete hollow block building, the manufacture technology and thermal insulation transformation technology of straw magnesite concrete thermal insulation board are studied. The thermal insulation performance of buildings was tested and compared with that of common brick houses. Through the thermal insulation transformation of concrete hollow block building, a more mature heat preservation reconstruction construction technology has been formed, and the thermal engineering analysis and economic analysis of the renovated building have been carried out, and the straw magnesia concrete insulation board has shown good thermal insulation performance and economic benefit. The effect of building thermal insulation transformation is obvious. The new straw magnesite concrete has good thermal insulation, energy saving and environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU528

【参考文献】