不同密度的秸秆生土砖导热系数预测模型及热学性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 22:36

本文选题：生土建筑 + 秸秆生土砖　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国近些年来生活水平的快速提升,生土建筑因建筑形式古老、耐久性、抗压强度和抗震能力差等因素,出现了发展非常缓慢的颓势。然而在世界范围内刮起了一场节约资源能源的风暴,可持续发展的理念很快得到世界各国的重视。每年世界的能源、资源消耗很大一部分投入到新建筑的建设中,我国建筑行业消耗的能源、资源数量尤为庞大,资源和能源的浪费尤为严重,加上全球范围内的环境和能源危机让我们意识到节约能源资源消耗是当代社会发展的重中之重,可持续发展理念得到了各行各业的一致赞同。因此,我国重视节能建筑的发展,鼓励节能建筑发展的政策悄然展开,生土建筑又进入人们的视线中,生土建筑具有资源消耗低、节能效率高、建筑施工简单、环境友好等优点。本文采用对生土材料进行改性的方法来达到生土建筑所需要的基本强度要求,在此基础上,寻找热学性能比较理想的生土材料。改性生土材料始终遵循无污染、易分解的原则,依此原则将农村中常有的“废弃物”麦秸秆充分利用起来,提高生土材料的热学性能和强度水平。秸秆以一定比例掺入到生土材料中制成秸秆生土砖试块,以已有的相关文献为理论基础,以实验研究作为主要手段进行本课题研究。秸秆生土砖的导热系数是贯穿和连接本文内容的重要牵引线。文中首先对秸秆和生土两种材料的优势和特性作了叙述,然后对常用材料的导热系数测定方法和原理进行了分析研究,并结合秸秆生土砖试块的材料特性,运用并改良了瞬态法中的热线法,以瞬态热带法来对多种密度情形下秸秆生土砖试块的导热系数进行测定与分析,得出其导热系数随密度变化的规律。最后对实验数据进行分析整理,借鉴电路中求电阻值的原理,对密度影响下秸秆生土砖的导热系数计算模型进行了推导,方便了秸秆生土砖在实际工程中的应用。本文在秸秆生土砖导热系数的研究基础上,对衡量秸秆生土材料节能性能的三个重要指标:比热容、热阻和蓄热系数进行了数学计算,得出秸秆生土砖这三种指标随着密度变化的规律。并以实心粘土砖为对象与秸秆生土砖在比热容、热阻和蓄热系数这三个方面的热学性能体现作了比较,得出秸秆生土砖是一种热工性能非常好的建筑材料,具有很好的发展前景。
[Abstract]:With the rapid improvement of living standards in recent years, the development of raw soil buildings is very slow due to the ancient construction form, durability, compressive strength and seismic resistance. However, there is a storm of saving resources and energy in the world, and the concept of sustainable development has been attached great importance to all over the world. Every year, a large part of the energy consumption in the world is devoted to the construction of new buildings. The amount of energy consumed by the construction industry in our country is especially large, and the waste of resources and energy is particularly serious. In addition, the global environmental and energy crisis makes us realize that saving energy and resource consumption is the most important of the contemporary social development, and the concept of sustainable development has been unanimously agreed by various industries. Therefore, our country attaches great importance to the development of energy-saving buildings, encouraging the development of energy-saving buildings quietly launched, raw soil buildings into the eyes of people, raw land buildings have low resource consumption, high efficiency of energy conservation, simple construction, Environmental friendliness, etc. In this paper, the method of modifying raw soil material is adopted to meet the basic strength requirement of raw soil building, and on this basis, to find the raw soil material with better thermal properties. The modified raw soil materials always follow the principle of no pollution and easy to decompose. According to this principle, the common "waste" wheat straw in rural areas is fully utilized to improve the thermal properties and strength level of raw soil materials. Straw was mixed into raw soil material to make straw raw soil brick test block. Based on the existing relevant literature, the experimental research was used as the main means to carry out the research. The thermal conductivity of straw brick is an important traction line running through and connecting the content of this paper. In this paper, the advantages and characteristics of straw and raw soil are described, then the measuring method and principle of thermal conductivity of common materials are analyzed and studied, and the material characteristics of straw raw soil brick are combined. The thermal conductivity of straw bricks with various densities was measured and analyzed by using the transient hot wire method and the transient tropical method was used to obtain the law of the variation of thermal conductivity with the density. Finally, the experimental data are analyzed and sorted, and the calculation model of thermal conductivity of straw soil brick under the influence of density is deduced, which is convenient for the application of straw soil brick in practical engineering. On the basis of the research on the thermal conductivity of straw raw soil brick, three important indexes to measure the energy saving performance of straw raw soil material, namely specific heat capacity, thermal resistance and heat storage coefficient, were calculated. The changes of the three indexes with density were obtained. The solid clay brick is compared with straw soil brick in specific heat capacity, thermal resistance and heat storage coefficient. It is concluded that straw soil brick is a kind of building material with good thermal performance. It has good prospects for development.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU522.1

【参考文献】