酚醛树脂基泡沫炭的制备及其结构控制

发布时间：2018-05-27 21:15

  本文选题：酚醛树脂 + 泡沫炭　； 参考：《华东理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：与中间相沥青相比,酚醛树脂作为富碳前驱体,在制备高性能泡沫炭时,具有原料廉价、发泡条件温和、能耗低、孔结构易控等优点,因此酚醛树脂基泡沫炭将具有更为广泛的应用前景。本文针对酚醛树脂基泡沫炭在制备过程孔径不均匀、孔壁易开裂以及工艺过程复杂等不足,展开以热塑性酚醛树脂为原料制备泡沫炭的应用基础研究。具体采用加压发泡法,通过发泡-炭化一步法简化泡沫炭的制备工艺,得到具有规则球形孔结构的高强度泡沫炭,并实现对泡沫炭孔结构均一性及密度的有效调控,为今后的应用基础研究或工程化放大提供参考。本实验通过对泡沫炭制备工艺中各参数的影响规律进行逐一考察,得出了如下主要结论或结果：1)发泡压力和固化剂含量分别是泡沫炭的密度和孔径的最大影响参数,炭化升温速率是泡沫炭的压缩强度和开孔率的最大影响参数。采用不同的工艺参数制备泡沫炭,其体积密度为0.10-0.70g/cm3,平均孔径为232～322μm,开孔率为75-97%；2)孔结构的均一性主要由发泡阶段升温速率决定,降低升温速率有利于提高孔结构均一性,但这是以增大平均孔径为代价的。当发泡阶段升温速率由3℃/min降低到0.5℃/min时,泡沫炭的孔径分布变得集中,平均孔径由267μm增大到304μm；3)开孔的形成机理分两种：一种形成于气泡的增长阶段,决定于发泡速率和固化速率的匹配程度。另一种形成于固化后泡沫体的慢速热解膨胀过程,决定于炭化升温速率。前者形成的气孔具有光滑的弧边,后者则呈齿纹状；4)在900℃/2.5MPa初压条件下,采用最优工艺参数制备的泡沫炭的平均孔径为268μm,体积密度为0.52g/cm3,压缩强度为18.3MPa。
[Abstract]:Compared with mesophase pitch, phenolic resin, as a carbon-rich precursor, has the advantages of cheap raw materials, mild foaming conditions, low energy consumption, easy control of pore structure, and so on. Therefore, phenolic resin based foamed carbon will have a wider application prospect. In this paper, the application of thermoplastic phenolic resin as raw material to the preparation of foamed carbon was studied, aiming at the shortcomings of uneven pore size, easy cracking of pore wall and complex process. The high strength foamed carbon with regular spherical pore structure was obtained by using pressure foaming method and one step method of foaming and carbonization to simplify the preparation process of foamed carbon, and the structure homogeneity and density of foam carbon pore were effectively controlled. It provides a reference for the future application of basic research or engineering amplification. In this experiment, the effects of various parameters on the preparation of foamed carbon were investigated one by one, and the following conclusions or results were obtained: foaming pressure and curing agent content were respectively the biggest influence parameters of the density and pore size of foamed carbon. The carbonization heating rate is the most important parameter of the compression strength and the porosity of carbon foams. Foamed carbon was prepared with different process parameters. The bulk density was 0.10-0.70 g / cm ~ 3, the average pore size was 2322322 渭 m. The homogeneity of pore structure was mainly determined by the heating rate of foaming stage, and the decrease of heating rate was beneficial to improve the homogeneity of pore structure. But this is at the cost of increasing the average aperture. When the heating rate of foaming phase decreases from 3 鈩，

本文编号：1943777