SG-4390型塑料粉碎机的设计与开发

发布时间：2018-05-28 06:03

本文选题：塑料粉碎机 + 刀架轴　；参考：《江西理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会经济的发展推动了各行各业的飞速发展,社会资源日趋枯竭,寻求新材料、新技术已成为社会的共同目标。近年来,由于先进制造技术在社会生产中的运用,使得“以塑代钢,以塑代木”成为现实,随之带来了巨大的塑料垃圾,造成环境污染,同时也造成了社会资源的严重浪费。塑料的破碎是塑料回收、再利用中的重要环节之一,而塑料粉碎机是塑料破碎的必要设备。目前,塑料粉碎机粉碎效率低、刀架轴易断成为制约塑料粉碎回收利用的主要障碍。本文针对上述问题,并在已有产品SG-4360型塑料粉碎机的基础上,设计了一款新型片刀式塑料粉碎机。本文的主要研究工作如下:(1)结合粉碎机的现有结构及粉碎机的设计要求,对塑料粉碎机进行了整体布局设计,并对粉碎机的主要部件进行结构设计及校核计算;针对粉碎机的工作状态,提出一种变频结构设计方案,实现降低粉碎机无用功输出及社会能源浪费的目的;(2)通过对设计的六刀架轴进行ANSYS静力学及模态分析,结果显示,其在工作范围内不会出现共振现象,但存在局部应力集中及布局应变较大现象,研究了六刀架式刀架轴断裂的原因及存在的主要问题;(3)对六刀架式刀架轴进行结构改进,并对改进后的刀架轴进行有限元静力学分析、模态分析、动态特性实验及动平衡测试,分析得出,改进后刀架轴消除了局部应力集中及局部应变较大的问题,且改进后刀架轴ANSYS分析与实验得到的刀架轴振型及固有频率间误差在4.5%以内,改进后刀架轴动平衡度达到95%以上,动态性能良好;分析V型刀具的受力情况,对刀具进行了静力学分析,分析结果显示刀具设计结构满足使用要求;(4)试制样机,采用隔音棉降噪,并对样机噪声评估,进行了噪声测试实验,结果显示,样机噪声大小符合国家机器设备噪声指标要求;(5)为避免塑料粉尘对环境的污染及对工作人员身体的伤害,对现有除尘装置进行改进,设计了一款二级旋风除尘系统,可进行二次除尘,除尘率达到97%以上,除尘更彻底,除尘效率更高。
[Abstract]:The development of social economy has promoted the rapid development of various industries, and the social resources have been increasingly depleted, seeking new materials and new technologies has become the common goal of the society. In recent years, due to the application of advanced manufacturing technology in social production, "plastic substitute for steel, plastic for wood" has become a reality, which has brought huge plastic garbage, resulting in environmental pollution, but also caused a serious waste of social resources. The crushing of plastics is one of the most important steps in the recovery and reuse of plastics, and the plastic crusher is the necessary equipment for the crushing of plastics. At present, the grinding efficiency of plastic grinder is low and the cutter shaft is easy to break. In order to solve the above problems, and on the basis of the existing SG-4360 plastic pulverizer, a new type of blade plastic pulverizer is designed in this paper. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) combined with the existing structure of the pulverizer and the design requirements of the pulverizer, the overall layout design of the plastic pulverizer is carried out, and the structural design and checking calculation of the main parts of the pulverizer are carried out. In view of the working state of the pulverizer, a design scheme of frequency conversion structure is put forward, which can reduce the useless output of pulverizer and the waste of energy in society. Through the ANSYS statics and modal analysis of the designed six-tool holder shaft, the result shows that, There is no resonance phenomenon in the range of work, but there exists the phenomenon of local stress concentration and larger distribution and strain. The reason and main problem of the fracture of the six-blade frame tool holder shaft are studied in this paper, and the structure of the six-knife frame tool holder shaft is improved. Finite element static analysis, modal analysis, dynamic characteristic experiment and dynamic balance test of the improved tool holder shaft are carried out. It is concluded that the improved tool holder shaft eliminates the problems of local stress concentration and large local strain. The error between vibration and natural frequency of the tool holder shaft obtained by the improved ANSYS analysis and experiment is less than 4.5%, the dynamic balance of the improved tool holder shaft is more than 95%, and the dynamic performance of the improved tool holder shaft is good. The statics analysis of the tool shows that the design structure of the tool meets the requirement of application. The prototype is trial-produced, and the noise is reduced by using soundproof cotton. The noise of the prototype is evaluated, and the noise test results show that, In order to avoid the pollution of plastic dust to the environment and harm to the workers, the existing dust removal device was improved, and a two-stage cyclone dust removal system was designed. Secondary dust removal can be carried out, the dust removal rate is over 97%, the dust removal is more thorough and the dust removal efficiency is higher.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.91

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