固定式低温容器应变强化设计与制造研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 18:06

本文选题：应变强化 + 技术研究　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以应变强化型奥氏体不锈钢制固定式低温储罐为研究对象,对强化技术理论进行研究,并将强化技术应用到产品的设计开发与制造中,借鉴本单位按照ASME和EN强化标准完成设计和制造强化型低温储罐的经验,进行应变强化模拟产品的试验和研究,对强化技术和研发实践中的问题进行系统的研究和探讨。(1)本文对应变强化型固定式低温储罐的应用、结构型式、绝热方式进行综述;讨论国内强化技术在低温储罐中的应用,总结国外应变强化技术的发展进程,提出本文的主要研究内容。(2)对强化容器用奥氏体不锈钢材料的力学性能、许用应力、屈强比和塑性指标等技术指标进行系列试验研究;从强化过程工艺、强化压力载荷、强化作用、最大变形量控制等方面分别对强化技术进行讨论;讨论了室温强化和低温强化两种模式的特点和适用条件;从选材、设计、制造、焊接等角度讨论应变强化强化核心技术;对多层缠绕绝热的立式储罐适用特殊强化工艺过程进行讨论;结合工程实践,提出了强化技术应用的难点问题。(3)通过对6mm,8mm,10mm三种不同厚度的S30408(06Cr19Ni10)和1.4301(X5CrNi18-10)两种奥氏体不锈钢材料进行一系列的强化前和强化后的性能试验,对试验结果进行分析讨论。结合具体低温储罐设计实例,讨论应变强化低温储罐在设计中的材料选择、设计应力值确定、强度计算,采用有限元分析方法进行外壳封头的内压校核计算。(4)对强化型低温储罐绝热性能进行计算讨论,对四种立式低温储罐的支撑结构进行优缺点对比分析,对立式强化储罐八点支撑结构出现的问题进行讨论,采用有限元分析手段对强化储罐温度载荷条件下支撑结构的安全性能分析计算,从设计结构和制造过程两方面讨论分析出解决措施;对卧式储罐的支撑进行分析和危险工况下应力计算并提出优化措施。(5)分析讨论应变强化容器制造过程的特殊要求,讨论对容器人孔设置、加强圈结构、夹层管路布局、排水排气结构等结构设计问题的处理。结合实例,探讨强化变形的测量问题。从母材的选用、材料的抗拉强度上限、焊接材料的选用、焊接方法等方面讨论应变强化容器焊接的影响因素,将熔敷金属与母材的化学成分进行图表对比。从安全性能、强化变形影响角度,分别讨论了对接接头、接管与壳体焊接D类焊接接头、加强圈拼接接头的焊接接头应采用的结构型式。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the theory of strengthening technology is studied, and the strengthening technology is applied to the design, development and manufacture of the product, taking the strain-strengthened austenitic stainless steel fixed low-temperature storage tank as the research object. Using the experience of ASME and en strengthening standards to complete the design and manufacture of reinforced low-temperature storage tanks, the strain strengthening simulation products are tested and studied. In this paper, the application, structure and adiabatic method of strain-strengthened fixed low-temperature storage tank are summarized, and the application of domestic strengthening technology in low-temperature storage tank is discussed. The development process of strain strengthening technology abroad is summarized, and the main research content of this paper is put forward. The mechanical properties, allowable stress, yield strength ratio and plasticity index of austenitic stainless steel materials for strengthening containers are studied in a series of tests. The strengthening technology is discussed from the aspects of strengthening process, strengthening pressure load, strengthening effect, maximum deformation control, etc. The characteristics and applicable conditions of room temperature strengthening and low temperature strengthening are discussed, and the material selection, design and manufacture are discussed. The core technology of strain strengthening is discussed from the angle of welding, the special strengthening process of multi-layer winding and adiabatic vertical storage tank is discussed, and combined with engineering practice, This paper puts forward the difficult problem of strengthening the application of austenitic stainless steel by means of a series of tests before and after strengthening of three kinds of austenitic stainless steel materials with different thickness of 6mm, 8mm and 10mm, and 1.4301X 5CrNi18-10). The results of the test are analyzed and discussed. In this paper, the material selection, design stress value and strength calculation of strain-strengthened low-temperature storage tank in the design are discussed in combination with the design examples of the concrete low-temperature storage tank. Finite element analysis method is used to calculate the internal pressure of the shell head. The adiabatic performance of the strengthened low temperature storage tank is calculated and discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the supporting structures of the four vertical low temperature storage tanks are compared and analyzed. The problems of the eight-point bracing structure of the reinforced storage tank are discussed, and the safety performance of the bracing structure under the condition of the temperature load of the strengthened tank is analyzed and calculated by means of finite element analysis. The solution measures are discussed from the aspects of design structure and manufacturing process, the support of horizontal storage tank and stress calculation under dangerous working condition are analyzed, and the optimization measures are put forward. The special requirements of strain strengthening vessel manufacturing process are analyzed and discussed. In this paper, the design of manhole, reinforced ring, interlayer pipe and drain exhaust are discussed. Combined with an example, the measurement of strengthening deformation is discussed. The factors affecting the welding of strain-strengthened vessel are discussed from the aspects of selection of base metal, upper limit of tensile strength of material, selection of welding material and welding method. The chemical composition of deposited metal and base metal are compared with each other. From the point of view of safety performance and the influence of strengthening deformation, the structure types of welded joint of butt joint, pipe and shell are discussed respectively.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ053.2

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