低温可膨胀石墨的制备及插层过程特性

发布时间：2018-06-12 08:49

  本文选题：可膨胀石墨 + 低温　； 参考：《化工进展》2017年10期

【摘要】：可膨胀石墨作为一种新型功能性碳素材料应用广泛,尤其在防火阻燃材料中备受关注,但由于膨化温度过高而在实际生产中受到限制。现以50目天然鳞片石墨为原料,以KMnO_4/HClO_4/NH_4NO_3作为氧化插层体系,探索低温高倍率可膨胀石墨的制备工艺,采用XRD、FTIR和SEM对鳞片石墨、可膨胀石墨及膨胀石墨的结构、形貌和官能团进行了表征和分析。获得插层最佳反应条件为石墨∶KMnO_4∶HClO_4∶NH_4NO_3(质量比)=1∶0.45∶8∶0.12,连续搅拌15min,搅拌速度200r/min,起始膨胀温度为150℃,400℃下膨胀容积为430m L/g。分析表明:经插层后石墨层边缘和层间接枝了插层剂的含氧基团,导致晶体结构完整性下降,层间距增大,层内结构未发生变化。经膨胀后,低温气化的酸根离子呈气体逸出,撑开石墨片层形成丰富的孔隙结构。
[Abstract]:As a new functional carbon material, expandable graphite is widely used, especially in flame retardant materials, but it is limited in practical production because of its high expansion temperature. In this paper, using natural flake graphite of 50 mesh as raw material and KMnO- 4 / HClO _ 4 / S _ 4 / NH _ 4NO _ 3 as oxidation intercalation system, the preparation process of low-temperature and high-rate expandable graphite was explored. The structures of flake graphite, expandable graphite and expanded graphite were analyzed by XRDX FTIR and SEM. The morphology and functional groups were characterized and analyzed. The optimum reaction conditions of intercalation are as follows: graphite: KMnO4: HClO4: NH4NO3 (mass ratio 1: 0.45: 8: 0.12, continuous stirring for 15 min, stirring speed 200r-1 / min, initial expansion temperature 150 鈩，

本文编号：2009094