氨分解制备燃料电池用氢过程模拟和能效分析

发布时间：2018-06-22 17:25

本文选题：氨分解制氢 + 燃料电池　；参考：《华东理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：氢能是本世纪最具发展潜力的战略能源,而燃料电池技术是氢能转化的重要方式。论文利用gPROMS软件建立数学模型,对以氨气为原料制氢气并应用于燃料电池的过程进行理论计算,研究内容有重要的现实意义。将氨气作为原料制备氢气并用于燃料电池发电过程分为氨分解制氢、残余氨气吸附、氢气-氮气膜分离、质子交换膜燃料电池发电等多个模块。设计了管壳式自热型氨分解反应器,管内为氨气的催化反应,管外壳程为氢气非均相催化燃烧。并流操作条件下,氢燃烧产生的高温正好与高氨气浓度对应,反应器效率很高,可以达到高的氨分解转化率。利用活性炭纤维对反应残余的氨气进行吸附、脱除,吸附装置在相当长时间内不会出现吸附饱和现象。利用负载金属钯的中空纤维膜与氮氢混合气体进行分离,氢气分压差是膜分离器的推动力。当膜管内、外的氢气分压相同时,分离装置达到平衡状态,即分离效率的极限。质子交换膜燃料电池的输出功率一定,低电流、高电压工况对应的电池板数多；高电流、低电压工况对应的电池板数少。利用换热器对物流进行温度调整,连接不同的操作单元,建立氨分解制氢用于燃料电池发电系统的全流程。设计循环回路,充分利用膜分离装置滞留侧的氢气对氨分解反应器进行燃烧供热。考虑系统中冷、热流体的相互换热,针对简化的氨分解制氢发电流程,设计具体的热集成方案。模拟结果表明,氢气回流燃烧为整个集成系统提供热能,只有保证氨分解反应完全,系统的氢气总回收率最高,可以达到84.36%,而质子交换膜燃料电池(N=60)的发电效率为67.28%。
[Abstract]:Hydrogen energy is the most potential strategic energy in this century, and fuel cell technology is an important way of hydrogen energy conversion. In this paper, a mathematical model is established by using gPROMS software to calculate the process of hydrogen production from ammonia gas and its application in fuel cell. The research content has important practical significance Ammonia is used as raw material to produce hydrogen and used in fuel cell power generation process, which is divided into several modules, such as ammonia decomposition, residual ammonia adsorption, hydrogen nitrogen membrane separation, proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation and so on. A tubular and shell type ammonia decomposition reactor was designed. The catalytic reaction of ammonia gas in the tube and the heterogeneous catalytic combustion of hydrogen in the tube shell were designed. Under the condition of parallel flow operation, the high temperature produced by hydrogen combustion corresponds to the high ammonia concentration, the reactor efficiency is very high, and the conversion rate of ammonia decomposition can be achieved. Activated carbon fiber (ACF) was used to adsorb and remove the residual ammonia from the reaction, and the adsorption device did not appear the phenomenon of adsorption saturation for a long time. The hollow fiber membrane loaded with palladium was separated from the mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen, and the hydrogen partial pressure difference was the driving force of the membrane separator. When the hydrogen pressure inside and outside the membrane tube is the same, the separation device reaches the equilibrium state, that is, the limit of separation efficiency. The output power of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is constant, the number of panels corresponding to low current and high voltage condition is many, and the number of panels corresponding to high current and low voltage condition is less. The heat exchanger is used to adjust the temperature of the material flow and connect different operation units to establish the whole process of ammonia decomposition for hydrogen production in fuel cell power generation system. The cycle loop is designed to make full use of the hydrogen from the retention side of the membrane separator to heat the ammonia decomposition reactor. Considering the heat transfer between cooling and heat fluids in the system, a specific heat integration scheme is designed for the simplified ammonia decomposition hydrogen generation process. The simulation results show that the reflux combustion of hydrogen can provide heat energy for the whole integrated system, only the ammonia decomposition reaction is complete, the total hydrogen recovery of the system is the highest, and the total hydrogen recovery can reach 84.36, while the generation efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (NC60) is 67.28.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ116.2;TM911.4

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