微生物燃料电池型BOD传感器性能改善关键措施研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 08:50

本文选题：双室无介体MFC + BOD传感器　；参考：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：生化需氧量(BOD)是表征有机物污染程度的综合性指标。传统的五天生化需氧量(BOD5)为检测BOD浓度的标准方法,但存在有耗时时间长、结果重现性差等缺陷。微生物燃料电池(MFC)型BOD传感器是一种快速检测BOD5的新方法,具有稳定性较强、检测范围广等优势。本文以厌氧段污泥作接种物、质子交换膜作阴阳极室的分隔物构建了双室无介体MFC型BOD传感器,并通过优化阳极材料和阴极电子受体等关键措施,改善MFC型BOD传感器的检测性能。BOD传感器稳定运行后,通过模拟实际废水初步研究了MFC型BOD传感器检测实际废水的可行性,并利用PCR-DGGE技术分析了阳极微生物群落结构。采用硝酸酸化改性石墨毡电极。石墨毡酸化处理4h时,表面接触角变化最大。以硝酸酸化处理的石墨毡为电极材料、溶解氧为阴极电子受体构建MFC型BOD传感器,MFC优化的检测条件为：阴极进水流量为30mL/min;废水中缓冲溶液投加量为50mL/L;L-半胱氨酸投加量为20 mg/L；外接电阻为500Ω。BOD检测范围为2～100mg/L,响应时间小于10 h,数据重现性良好。BOD浓度在2-50 mg/L范围,可利用电流最大值检测废水BOD浓度；BOD浓度在2,～100mg/L范围,可利用电荷量检测废水BOD浓度。以碳刷为电极材料,溶解氧为阴极电子受体构建MFC型BOD传感器,在已优化的检测条件下进行BOD浓度的检测。BOD浓度检测范围为2～100 mg/L,响应时间小于12 h,数据重现性良好。BOD浓度在2-60 mg/L范围,可利用电流峰值检测废水BOD浓度；BOD浓度在2～100mg/L范围时,可利用电荷量检测废水BOD浓度。以硝酸酸化处理的石墨毡为电极材料,H2O2为阴极电子受体构建的BOD传感器的最佳检测条件为：废水中L-半胱氨酸投加量为20 mg/L、缓冲溶液投加量为50mL/L。H2O2浓度为0.5mmol/L时,BOD浓度检测范围为2-200 mg/L;H2O2浓度为1.0 mmol/L时,BOD浓度检测范围为2～300mg/L;H2O2浓度为1.5mmol/L时,BOD浓度检测范围为2～500 mg/L。三种H202浓度条件下,在各自的检测范围内,响应时间均小于4h。通过在阴极液中投加叔丁醇间接证明了H2O2在运行过程中分解生成了·OH,且·OH参与了阴极反应。选择硝酸酸化的石墨毡作为电极材料,H2O2作阴极电子受体以达到快速准确检测的目的。在废水配方中加入面粉作为悬浮可降解有机物代表和废水中的可溶性可降解有机物葡萄糖可被阳极上的微生物菌群作为底物降解,增大了产电电流,延长了响应时间。利用PCR-DGGE技术进行了阳极表面微生物多样性的分析,阳极上富集的微生物菌落由8种产电菌和8种非产电菌组成,两类菌种互营共生。
[Abstract]:Biochemical oxygen demand (bod) is a comprehensive indicator of organic pollution. Traditional five day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) is the standard method for detecting bod concentration, but it has some defects such as long time consuming and poor reproducibility. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) bod sensor is a new method for rapid detection of BOD5, which has the advantages of strong stability and wide detection range. In this paper, using anaerobic sludge as inoculum and proton exchange membrane as the separator of cathode and cathode cell, we have constructed a double compartment MFC bod sensor without medium, and optimized anode material and cathode electron receptor. After improving the detection performance of MFC type bod sensor, the feasibility of MFC type bod sensor for detecting actual wastewater was preliminarily studied by simulating the actual wastewater, and the microbial community structure of anode was analyzed by PCR-DGGE. Graphite felt electrode was modified by nitric acid acidizing. The surface contact angle of graphite felt changed greatly when it was acidified for 4 h. Using graphite felt treated by nitric acid as electrode material and dissolved oxygen as cathode electron receptor, the optimal detection conditions of MFC bod sensor are as follows: the flow rate of cathode influent is 30 mL / min, the dosage of buffer solution is 50 mL / L / L, the dosage of cysteine is 20 mg / L; The detection range of external resistance is 500 惟路bod, the response time is less than 10 h, the data reproducibility is good, the concentration of bod is in the range of 2-50 mg / L, the maximum current can be used to detect the concentration of bod in waste water in the range of 2 ~ 100 mg / L, The concentration of bod in wastewater can be measured by charge quantity. An MFC bod sensor was constructed using carbon brush as electrode material and dissolved oxygen as cathode electron receptor. The detection range of bod concentration is 2 ~ 100 mg / L, the response time is less than 12 h, the data reproducibility is good. The concentration of bod is in the range of 2-60 mg / L, and the peak current can be used to detect the bod concentration of wastewater. When bod concentration is in the range of 2 ~ 100 mg / L, bod concentration can be measured by charge quantity. The best detection conditions of bod sensor with graphite felt treated by nitric acid as electrode material and H _ 2O _ 2 as cathode electron receptor are as follows: the dosage of L-cysteine in wastewater is 20 mg / L, the dosage of buffer solution is 50 mL / L and the concentration of H _ 2O _ 2 is 0.5 mmol 路L ~ (-1). When the concentration of H _ 2O _ 2 was 1.0 mmol / L, the detection range of bod was 2 ~ 300 mg / L ~ (-1) mg 路L ~ (-1) H _ 2O _ 2 was 1.5 mmol / L ~ (-1) mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) H _ 2O _ 2 was 2 500 mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) of H _ 2O _ 2. The response time was less than 4 h in each detection range under three H202 concentrations. By adding tert-butanol to the cathode solution, it was proved indirectly that H _ 2O _ 2 was decomposed into OH and OH was involved in the cathodic reaction. Hydrogen peroxide (H _ 2O _ 2) was used as cathode electron receptor for rapid and accurate detection of nitrate-acidified graphite felt. Adding flour as the representative of suspended degradable organic matter and soluble degradable organic glucose in wastewater as substrate can be degraded by microbial flora on the anode, which increases the electric current and prolongs the response time. The microbial diversity on the anode surface was analyzed by PCR-DGGE technique. The enriched microorganism colonies on the anode were composed of 8 electro producing bacteria and 8 non electro producing bacteria, and the two species were symbiotic with each other.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM911.4;TP212

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