冷冻铸造技术制备仿贝壳层状结构陶瓷复合材料研究进展

发布时间：2018-07-03 15:24

本文选题：冷冻铸造技术 + 层状结构　；参考：《材料导报》2017年13期

【摘要】：贝壳珍珠层是一种天然的层状结构复合材料,类似"砖和泥"的软硬相交替的层状分级组装结构赋予其优良的力学性能。通过对贝壳的珍珠层进行仿生研究,人们已利用不同技术如冷冻铸造技术等,制备了一系列仿生高强超韧层状复合材料,并且这些材料在航空航天、军事、民用及机械工程等领域表现出广阔的应用前景。首先介绍了贝壳珍珠层的结构性能,并对其断裂机制进行了阐述;然后综合介绍了冷冻铸造技术的发展历程、作用机理、控制因素、装置设计和总体工艺流程。在此基础上,对制备仿贝壳层状结构陶瓷复合材料的表观密度、多孔陶瓷的孔隙率进行介绍,综述了多孔陶瓷的性能、陶瓷/金属层状结构复合材料以及陶瓷/聚合物层状结构复合材料的特点和应用,最后分析和总结了在研究仿贝壳层状结构陶瓷复合材料过程中出现的问题,并对该复合材料的未来发展趋势做了一定的预测。
[Abstract]:Shell pearl layer is a kind of natural laminated composite material. It has excellent mechanical properties due to its soft and hard alternating layered and graded assembly structure similar to "brick and mud". Based on the biomimetic study on the pearl layer of shells, a series of biomimetic high strength and super tough laminated composites have been prepared by using different techniques such as freezing casting, and these materials have been used in aerospace, military, and so on. Civil and mechanical engineering and other fields show broad application prospects. This paper introduces the structure and properties of shell pearl layer and its fracture mechanism, and then introduces the development course, action mechanism, control factors, device design and overall technological process of frozen casting technology. On this basis, the apparent density and porosity of porous ceramic composites were introduced, and the properties of porous ceramics were summarized. The characteristics and applications of ceramic / metal laminated composite and ceramic / polymer laminated composite are analyzed and summarized. The future development trend of the composite is forecasted.
【作者单位】：中国石油大学(北京)力学与储运工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51575529;51605492) 清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLTKF15A07) 中国石油大学(北京)引进人才科研基金(2462014YJRC049;2462015YQ0401)
【分类号】：TQ174.758.2

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