氧化镍及其复合材料纳米纤维超级电容性质的研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 13:14

  本文选题：超级电容器 + 静电纺丝　； 参考：《东北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,一维纳米结构材料如:纳米管、纳米线、纳米纤维等因其具有的科学研究价值以及潜在的技术应用前景,吸引了许多科研工作者额的兴趣。静电纺丝技术以其操作简便、成本低廉、纳米纤维不易结团等优点,在超级电容器的电极材料制备方面拥有独特的优势。作为一种新型的储能装置,因其自身具有的大功率,长循环寿命,高安全性,低成本等优点,使得超级电容器在新能源、移动通讯及电子设备、电动汽车、航空航天等各个领域皆具有较大的开发、应用前景。过渡族金属氧化物,如:Ru O2、Mn O2、Ni O、Co3O4等,凭借较大的理论比容量值、能量密度高等优势,成为了制备电化学超级电容器的电极的理想材料。其中,贵金属氧化物Ru O2的超电容性能最好,但因成本过高不适合进行大规模工业化生产。氧化镍则因其资源储量丰富、价格低廉、理论容量值高等优势特点,引起了了研究者的注意。本文采用静电纺丝的方法制备高比电容值Ni O纳米纤维,并通过分别向Ni O纳米纤维中参杂Mn O2、Pb3O4的方法改善、提高其电化学性能。具体实验情况如下:实验通过静电纺丝法制备了Ni(NO3)2/PVA纤维,然后高温400℃煅烧3小时制备得到Ni O纳米纤维。测试结果说明材料的电化学性能较好,电流密度为2A/g时测得比电容达到140 F/g。采用于上述同样的方法,分别制备得到镍、锰物质的量比7:3的Ni O/Mn O2复合纳米纤维,镍、铅物质的量比为8:2的Ni O/Pb3O4复合纳米纤维;测试结果说明材料的电化学性能较好,电流密度为2 A/g时测得比电容分别250 F/g,300F/g。对比测试结果表明Ni O/Pb3O4复合纳米纤维的超电容性能最好。
[Abstract]:In recent years, one-dimensional nanostructured materials such as nanotubes, nanowires and nanofibers have attracted the interest of many researchers because of their scientific research value and potential technical application prospects. Electrostatic spinning technology has unique advantages in the preparation of electrode materials for supercapacitors due to its advantages of simple operation, low cost and difficult agglomeration of nanofibers. As a new type of energy storage device, because of its high power, long cycle life, high security, low cost and other advantages, supercapacitors in new energy, mobile communications and electronic equipment, electric vehicles, Aerospace and other fields have a great development, application prospects. Transition metal oxides, such as: Ru O _ 2, mn, O _ 2, Ni, O _ (3) O _ 4 and so on, have become the ideal materials for preparing electrochemical supercapacitors by virtue of their high theoretical specific capacity and high energy density. Among them, the supercapacitor performance of precious metal oxide Ru O2 is the best, but it is not suitable for large-scale industrial production because of the high cost. Nickel oxide has attracted the attention of researchers because of its rich reserves, low price and high theoretical capacity. In this paper, high specific capacitance nio nanofibers were prepared by electrostatic spinning, and their electrochemical properties were improved by adding mn O 2 O 2 Pb 3O 4 into Ni O nanofibers respectively. The experimental results are as follows: ni (no _ 3) _ 2 / PVA fibers were prepared by electrospinning method, and then calcined at 400 鈩，

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