基于微观力学分析的复合材料储氢容器强度与寿命研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 12:58
【摘要】：目前,碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)储氢气瓶是高压储氢技术的重要实现方式,以其独特的优势而倍受国内外青睐。复合材料储氢气瓶的失效行为和极限强度等相关研究仍然是其优化设计的基础和关键性工作。然而,由于高压储氢气瓶快速充放氢过程会发生显著的温升效应,导致复合材料气瓶长期在高温、高压循环载荷下工作,使其力学行为和失效机理变得异常复杂。因此,研究复合材料气瓶在快充氢过程的温升效应和热力耦合行为,以及开展气瓶渐进失效分析和疲劳寿命预测分析,成为目前急需解决的重要问题。为了达到以上目标,本文展开了一系列深入研究,主要研究内容和相关创新成果如下：(1)在70MPa快速充放氢疲劳试验系统上,开展了复合材料气瓶快充温升效应试验,详细分析了快充过程的温升变化机理；进而开展了气瓶快充氢疲劳循环试验,得到了气瓶氢环境下的疲劳寿命和失效机理。试验过程中采用了相应的监测手段以确保系统的安全运行并实时监测受试气瓶的失效状态。(2)建立了快充过程理论分析模型,分析了各个充装参数对快充温升过程的影响；基于理论分析建立了CFD计算模型,研究了各个充装因素对温升效应的影响规律并提出了可行的降低温升效应的控制策略和加氢方案。最后建立了气瓶FEA计算模型,基于ABAQUS顺序热力耦合分析方法,研究了气瓶快充过程的热力耦合行为,分析了温升效应对气瓶力学性能的影响机理。(3)基于微观力学失效理论(MMF),并结合连续介质损伤力学理论(CDM),提出了复合材料气瓶渐进失效分析方法。通过微观力学分析,将复合材料层板结构分析从宏观尺度转换到微观尺度,进而引入基于组分失效的损伤变量,建立复合材料三维损伤本构关系和损伤演化模型,从而实现对复合材料气瓶复杂失效模式和最终强度的准确预测。整个渐进失效分析过程借助ABAQUS用户子程序(UMAT)编程实现。(4)提出了基于组分强度分析的复合材料疲劳寿命计算方法。通过微观力学失效理论(MMF),将复合材料加速测试方法(ATM)扩展到组分层面,建立了组分疲劳强度控制曲线；同时基于三维弹性理论,建立了柱坐标系下复合材料气瓶筒体应力分析模型。最后基于宏-微观应力计算和组分疲劳强度曲线,建立了ATM/MMF气瓶疲劳分析模型,通过MATLAB编程计算,成功预测了复合材料气瓶在内压循环载荷和高温载荷作用下的疲劳寿命。
[Abstract]:At present, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) hydrogen storage gas cylinder is an important way of high pressure hydrogen storage technology, because of its unique advantages, it is favored at home and abroad. The research on failure behavior and ultimate strength of composite hydrogen storage cylinder is still the basis and key work of its optimal design. However, the rapid charging and releasing process of high pressure hydrogen storage gas cylinder will have a significant temperature rise effect, which leads to the composite gas cylinder working under high temperature and high pressure cyclic load for a long time, which makes the mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of composite gas cylinder extremely complicated. Therefore, it is an important problem to study the temperature rise effect and thermo-mechanical coupling behavior of composite gas cylinders in the process of rapid hydrogen charging, as well as to carry out progressive failure analysis and fatigue life prediction analysis of gas cylinders. In order to achieve the above goals, a series of in-depth studies have been carried out in this paper. The main research contents and related innovative achievements are as follows: (1) in the 70MPa rapid hydrogen charging fatigue test system, the temperature rise effect test of composite gas cylinders is carried out. The mechanism of temperature rise during rapid charging is analyzed in detail and the fatigue life and failure mechanism of gas cylinder under hydrogen environment are obtained by carrying out the fatigue cycle test of gas cylinder. In order to ensure the safe operation of the system and monitor the failure state of the tested gas cylinder in real time, the corresponding monitoring means are adopted in the test process. (2) the theoretical analysis model of the rapid charging process is established, and the influence of each filling parameter on the rapid charging temperature rising process is analyzed. Based on the theoretical analysis, the CFD calculation model was established, and the influence of each filling factor on the temperature rise effect was studied, and a feasible control strategy and hydrogenation scheme to reduce the temperature rise effect were put forward. Finally, the FEA calculation model of gas cylinder is established. Based on the Abaqus sequential thermodynamic coupling analysis method, the thermodynamic coupling behavior of the gas cylinder rapid charging process is studied. The mechanism of the effect of temperature rise on the mechanical properties of gas cylinders is analyzed. (3) based on the micromechanical failure theory (MMF) and the continuum damage mechanics theory (CDM), a progressive failure analysis method for composite gas cylinders is proposed. Through the micromechanics analysis, the composite laminate structure analysis is transformed from macroscopic scale to microscopic scale, and then the damage variable based on component failure is introduced, and the three-dimensional damage constitutive relation and damage evolution model of composite are established. Thus, the complex failure mode and ultimate strength of composite gas cylinder can be predicted accurately. The whole process of progressive failure analysis is realized by Abaqus user subprogram (UMAT). (4) A method for calculating the fatigue life of composite materials based on component strength analysis is proposed. Based on the micromechanical failure theory (MMF), the accelerated testing method (ATM) of composite materials is extended to the component level, and the fatigue strength control curve is established, which is based on the three-dimensional elastic theory. The stress analysis model of composite cylinder in cylindrical coordinate system is established. Finally, the fatigue analysis model of ATM / MMF cylinder is established based on the calculation of macro and micro stress and the fatigue strength curve of components. The fatigue life of composite cylinder under internal pressure cyclic load and high temperature load is successfully predicted by MATLAB programming.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ053.2;TB33
本文编号：2119451
[Abstract]:At present, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) hydrogen storage gas cylinder is an important way of high pressure hydrogen storage technology, because of its unique advantages, it is favored at home and abroad. The research on failure behavior and ultimate strength of composite hydrogen storage cylinder is still the basis and key work of its optimal design. However, the rapid charging and releasing process of high pressure hydrogen storage gas cylinder will have a significant temperature rise effect, which leads to the composite gas cylinder working under high temperature and high pressure cyclic load for a long time, which makes the mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of composite gas cylinder extremely complicated. Therefore, it is an important problem to study the temperature rise effect and thermo-mechanical coupling behavior of composite gas cylinders in the process of rapid hydrogen charging, as well as to carry out progressive failure analysis and fatigue life prediction analysis of gas cylinders. In order to achieve the above goals, a series of in-depth studies have been carried out in this paper. The main research contents and related innovative achievements are as follows: (1) in the 70MPa rapid hydrogen charging fatigue test system, the temperature rise effect test of composite gas cylinders is carried out. The mechanism of temperature rise during rapid charging is analyzed in detail and the fatigue life and failure mechanism of gas cylinder under hydrogen environment are obtained by carrying out the fatigue cycle test of gas cylinder. In order to ensure the safe operation of the system and monitor the failure state of the tested gas cylinder in real time, the corresponding monitoring means are adopted in the test process. (2) the theoretical analysis model of the rapid charging process is established, and the influence of each filling parameter on the rapid charging temperature rising process is analyzed. Based on the theoretical analysis, the CFD calculation model was established, and the influence of each filling factor on the temperature rise effect was studied, and a feasible control strategy and hydrogenation scheme to reduce the temperature rise effect were put forward. Finally, the FEA calculation model of gas cylinder is established. Based on the Abaqus sequential thermodynamic coupling analysis method, the thermodynamic coupling behavior of the gas cylinder rapid charging process is studied. The mechanism of the effect of temperature rise on the mechanical properties of gas cylinders is analyzed. (3) based on the micromechanical failure theory (MMF) and the continuum damage mechanics theory (CDM), a progressive failure analysis method for composite gas cylinders is proposed. Through the micromechanics analysis, the composite laminate structure analysis is transformed from macroscopic scale to microscopic scale, and then the damage variable based on component failure is introduced, and the three-dimensional damage constitutive relation and damage evolution model of composite are established. Thus, the complex failure mode and ultimate strength of composite gas cylinder can be predicted accurately. The whole process of progressive failure analysis is realized by Abaqus user subprogram (UMAT). (4) A method for calculating the fatigue life of composite materials based on component strength analysis is proposed. Based on the micromechanical failure theory (MMF), the accelerated testing method (ATM) of composite materials is extended to the component level, and the fatigue strength control curve is established, which is based on the three-dimensional elastic theory. The stress analysis model of composite cylinder in cylindrical coordinate system is established. Finally, the fatigue analysis model of ATM / MMF cylinder is established based on the calculation of macro and micro stress and the fatigue strength curve of components. The fatigue life of composite cylinder under internal pressure cyclic load and high temperature load is successfully predicted by MATLAB programming.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ053.2;TB33
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