硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯渗透汽化膜的制备

发布时间：2018-09-10 11:43

【摘要】：采用水性聚氨酯为膜基材,以低聚物多元醇作为软段,IPDI/TDI为硬段,乙二胺为扩链剂,合成WPU乳液；然后γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷和γ—氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷作为有机硅改性剂,对WPU膜进行改性,以苯／环己烷体系分离为研究对象,研究膜结构对苯/环己烷溶液渗透汽化分离性能的影响。(1)聚酯型WPU渗透汽化分离苯/环己烷的性能优于聚醚型WPU,但渗透效果较差。TDI硬段WPU膜的分离效果优于IPDI硬段WPU膜。采用聚己二酸1,4-丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)为软段,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为硬段,合成WPU膜。研究发现：芳香族WPU膜渗透汽化分离苯/环己烷性能优于脂肪族WPU膜,但渗透性能略差。PBA软段合成的WPU膜分离和渗透效果均较理想；PBA基WPU膜软段分子量越大,分离因子越小,渗透通量越大；软段PBA-2000含量从51.6%增加到65.1%,IPDI硬段膜的分离因子由4.91减小到4.64,渗透通量由0.28kg.m-2.h-1增加到0.45 kg.m-2.h-1;TDI硬段膜的分离因子由6.11减小到5.33,渗透通量由0.095 kg.m2.h-1增加到0.42kg.m-2.h-1。(2)以PBA-2000,IPDI/TDI,乙二胺等为主要原料合成WPU乳液,并使用γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)作为有机硅改性剂,制备一系列KH-560改性聚氨酯膜。KH-560改性膜的热稳定性显著提高,改性PU膜对于苯/环己烷有一定渗透汽化分离作用,随KH-560:-COOH比值增加,IPDI硬段的WPU膜分离因子由4.81增加到8.72,渗透通量由0.33 kg.m-2.h-1下降到到0.003 kg.m-2.h-1。硬段为TDI的WPU膜的分离因子由5.53上升到6.75,渗透通量由0.24 kg.m-2.h-1减少到0.031 kg.m-2.h-1。当KH-560:-COOH达到6及以上时,膜在苯/环己烷溶液中极易破裂,不能用于渗透汽化操作。(3)以PBA-2000,TDI等为主要原料合成WPU乳液,以Y—氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)作为有机硅改性剂,研究了硅烷KH-550添加量对PU膜渗透汽化分离苯/环己烷性能的影响。随着KH-550代替更多的乙二胺,膜分离性能呈现先增大后减小、渗透通量呈现逐渐下降的趋势。
[Abstract]:WPU emulsion was synthesized by using waterborne polyurethane as film substrate, oligomer polyol as soft segment IPDI as hard segment and ethylenediamine as chain extender. Then 纬-epichloropropyl trimethoxy silane and 纬-aminopropyl triethoxy silane were used as modifiers to modify the WPU membrane. The separation of benzene and cyclohexane was studied. The effect of membrane structure on the pervaporation separation performance of benzene / cyclohexane solution was studied. (1) Polyester WPU pervaporation was superior to polyether type WPU, in the separation of benzene and cyclohexane. The polyadipic acid 1-butanediol diol (PBA) was used as soft segment and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI),) toluene diisocyanate (TDI) was used as hard segment to synthesize WPU film. It was found that the pervaporation of benzene / cyclohexane by aromatic WPU membrane was superior to that of aliphatic WPU membrane, but the separation and osmotic effect of WPU membrane synthesized by soft segment synthesis of aromatic WPU membrane was higher than that of the ideal WPU membrane, and the separation factor was smaller. The larger the permeation flux is; The content of PBA-2000 in soft segment increased from 51.6% to 65.1%, the separation factor decreased from 4.91 to 4.64, the permeation flux increased from 0.28kg.m-2.h-1 to 0.45 kg.m-2.h-1;TDI from 6.11 to 5.33, and the osmotic flux increased from 0.095 kg.m2.h-1 to 0.42kg.m-2.h-1.The main factor was PBA-2000,IPDI/TDI, ethylenediamine. Synthesis of WPU Emulsion from Raw material, Using 纬 -epichloropropyl trimethoxysilane (KH-560) as the modifier of organosilicon, the thermal stability of a series of KH-560 modified polyurethane membranes, KH-560, was improved significantly. The modified PU membrane had a certain permeation and vaporization separation effect on benzene / cyclohexane. With the increase of KH-560:-COOH ratio, the WPU membrane separation factor increased from 4.81 to 8.72, and the osmotic flux decreased from 0.33 kg.m-2.h-1 to 0.003 kg.m-2.h-1.. The separation factor of WPU membrane with hard TDI increased from 5.53 to 6.75, and the osmotic flux decreased from 0.24 kg.m-2.h-1 to 0.031 kg.m-2.h-1.. When KH-560:-COOH reaches 6 or more, the membrane is easily broken down in benzene / cyclohexane solution and cannot be used for pervaporation operation. (3) WPU emulsion is synthesized from PBA-2000,TDI and WPU emulsion is synthesized with Y- aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH-550) as silicone modifier. The effect of silane KH-550 addition on the properties of benzene / cyclohexane separation by pervaporation of PU membrane was studied. With the substitution of KH-550 for more ethylenediamine, the separation performance of the membrane increased first and then decreased, and the permeation flux decreased gradually.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.893

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