水冷型PEMFC热管理系统建模与控制研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 15:27
【摘要】：由于社会发展对于能源供应与环境保护的必要性,燃料电池作为兼顾二者需求的绿色能源走向世界舞台,质子交换膜燃料电池(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC)较其他燃料电池,具有工作温度低、启动快、低噪音等优势而颇具潜力。由于燃料电池发电本质为电化学反应,其输出性能、使用寿命受到多个运行参数共同影响,如温度、气体流量、气体湿度、背压等,其中温度对反应发生时的催化剂活性、物质传输等都有很大的影响。合理的热管理不仅能提高电堆的发电效率,维持燃料电池状态健康,而温度管理不当则会造成性能降低,电堆失效,甚至引发安全事故。因此,研究水冷型PEMFC热管理对于推动燃料电池商业化发展有着重要的意义。本文以PEMFC的温度特性、热管理模型、控制策略及方法为切入点介绍国内外研究现状,从原理、结构、应用三方面介绍燃料电池,基于燃料电池内部的活化、欧姆、浓差极化过电压建立燃料电池电压模型,并以实验数据验证模型的极化特性可靠,分析温度对于燃料电池电压的影响。根据燃料电池电堆内部能量守恒建立水冷型PEMFC热管理系统模型,在验证其温度和流量响应与实验一致的前提下,研究热管理控制变量对于燃料电池的温度、输出及热管理功耗影响。其次,基于热管理系统的控制要求,针对以恒定冷却水出入口温度与恒定气水压差值控制冷却水流量的不足,在分析了不同电流下气水压差值与温差的关系后提出使出口温度可控的变气水压差值控制策略,不仅满足温度、压力的约束,同时保留了气水压差控制解耦、快速响应的优点,进一步优化控制效果。同时计及PEMFC系统的发电净效率,提出减小热管理寄生功耗的控制策略,有效提高其经济性。最后,基于热管理设备控制对象的特性,对比了模糊控制、模糊PID控制与传统PID控制的效果对比及其优缺点。
[Abstract]:Because of the necessity of social development for energy supply and environmental protection, fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC), as a green energy which meets the needs of both, goes to the world stage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC) is more important than other fuel cells. With low working temperature, fast start, low noise and other advantages and have a lot of potential. Since the nature of fuel cell power generation is electrochemical reaction, its output performance and service life are affected by several operating parameters, such as temperature, gas flow rate, gas humidity, back pressure, etc. Material transfer and so on have a great impact. Reasonable thermal management can not only improve the generation efficiency of the stack and maintain the state of the fuel cell, but also lead to poor performance, failure of the stack and even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the heat management of water-cooled PEMFC for promoting the commercialization of fuel cells. In this paper, the temperature characteristic, thermal management model, control strategy and method of PEMFC are introduced as the breakthrough point, the principle, structure and application of fuel cell are introduced, based on the internal activation of fuel cell, ohmic, Ohm, Ohm, The concentration polarization overvoltage is used to establish the fuel cell voltage model. The polarization characteristics of the model are verified by the experimental data. The effect of temperature on the fuel cell voltage is analyzed. According to the internal energy conservation of fuel cell stack, the model of water-cooled PEMFC thermal management system is established. Under the premise that the temperature and flow response are consistent with the experiment, the heat management control variable for fuel cell temperature is studied. The effect of power consumption on output and thermal management. Secondly, based on the control requirements of the thermal management system, aiming at the insufficiency of controlling the cooling water flow with the difference between the inlet and outlet temperature of the constant cooling water and the constant gas-water pressure, Based on the analysis of the relationship between air-water pressure difference and temperature difference at different current, a variable gas-water pressure difference control strategy is proposed to control the outlet temperature. It not only meets the constraints of temperature and pressure, but also reserves the advantages of decoupling and quick response of air-water pressure difference control. Further optimize the control effect. At the same time, considering the net generation efficiency of PEMFC system, a control strategy to reduce the parasitic power consumption of thermal management is proposed, which can effectively improve its economy. Finally, based on the characteristics of the control object of thermal management equipment, the effects of fuzzy control, fuzzy PID control and traditional PID control are compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM911.4
[Abstract]:Because of the necessity of social development for energy supply and environmental protection, fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC), as a green energy which meets the needs of both, goes to the world stage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC) is more important than other fuel cells. With low working temperature, fast start, low noise and other advantages and have a lot of potential. Since the nature of fuel cell power generation is electrochemical reaction, its output performance and service life are affected by several operating parameters, such as temperature, gas flow rate, gas humidity, back pressure, etc. Material transfer and so on have a great impact. Reasonable thermal management can not only improve the generation efficiency of the stack and maintain the state of the fuel cell, but also lead to poor performance, failure of the stack and even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the heat management of water-cooled PEMFC for promoting the commercialization of fuel cells. In this paper, the temperature characteristic, thermal management model, control strategy and method of PEMFC are introduced as the breakthrough point, the principle, structure and application of fuel cell are introduced, based on the internal activation of fuel cell, ohmic, Ohm, Ohm, The concentration polarization overvoltage is used to establish the fuel cell voltage model. The polarization characteristics of the model are verified by the experimental data. The effect of temperature on the fuel cell voltage is analyzed. According to the internal energy conservation of fuel cell stack, the model of water-cooled PEMFC thermal management system is established. Under the premise that the temperature and flow response are consistent with the experiment, the heat management control variable for fuel cell temperature is studied. The effect of power consumption on output and thermal management. Secondly, based on the control requirements of the thermal management system, aiming at the insufficiency of controlling the cooling water flow with the difference between the inlet and outlet temperature of the constant cooling water and the constant gas-water pressure, Based on the analysis of the relationship between air-water pressure difference and temperature difference at different current, a variable gas-water pressure difference control strategy is proposed to control the outlet temperature. It not only meets the constraints of temperature and pressure, but also reserves the advantages of decoupling and quick response of air-water pressure difference control. Further optimize the control effect. At the same time, considering the net generation efficiency of PEMFC system, a control strategy to reduce the parasitic power consumption of thermal management is proposed, which can effectively improve its economy. Finally, based on the characteristics of the control object of thermal management equipment, the effects of fuzzy control, fuzzy PID control and traditional PID control are compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM911.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 陈维荣;牛茁;韩U，
本文编号：2386050
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