受限空间内重质气体扩散与应急救援实验研究
发布时间：2019-07-10 16:03
【摘要】：化工产品在其生产、使用、存储、运输等各个阶段都存在着各类危险隐患,在这个过程中,易燃易爆、有毒有害气体的重大泄漏事故时有发生,并且总会伴随不同程度的人员伤亡、财产损失及对生态环境造成破坏。重质气体由于密度较大,在扩散时会因为重力作用而在近地面出停留较长时间,如果泄漏的气体为有毒有害气体,那么此类事故对泄漏源周围人群的伤害可想而知。也正是由于这个原因,重质气体的泄漏扩散问题一直被作为一个特殊问题来研究。为研究重质气体扩散规律,本文针对重质气体泄漏扩散问题进行了研究,以SF6为研究对象,根据相似理论和量纲和谐理论建立实验模型,并在不同的风速和泄漏高度条件下进行SF6的气体扩散实验,应用因次分析法对所测得的实验数据进行统计分析,并由此运用MATLAB数学软件计算方程组,推导出实验气体的泄漏扩散方程,并对所得出的方程用其他组的数据进行验证。运用流体力学CFD软件Fluent,对气体在受相应实验环境条件影响下的扩散进行数值模拟,首先FLUENT的前处理软件Gambit建立几何模型,并进行网格划分,然后设置边界条件、初始值,再把数值模拟所得结果对照实验结果,以验证实验数据的准确性。根据实验数据和数值模拟的结果,为实验气体划定警戒区,即泄漏事故发生时对人的健康有影响的空间范围,从而对重质气体泄漏事故的应急救援技术提供理论依据。
文内图片：
图片说明：实验模型
[Abstract]:There are all kinds of dangerous hidden dangers in the production, use, storage, transportation and other stages of chemical products. In this process, the major leakage accidents of flammable and explosive, toxic and harmful gases occur from time to time, and will always be accompanied by different degrees of casualties, property losses and damage to the ecological environment. Because of the high density of heavy gas, the heavy gas will stay near the ground for a long time because of gravity action when diffusing. If the leaked gas is toxic and harmful gas, then the damage of this kind of accident to the people around the leakage source can be imagined. It is for this reason that the leakage and diffusion of heavy gases has been studied as a special problem. In order to study the law of heavy gas diffusion, the problem of heavy gas leakage and diffusion is studied in this paper. Taking SF6 as the research object, the experimental model is established according to the similarity theory and dimensional harmony theory, and the gas diffusion experiment of SF6 is carried out under different wind speed and leakage height. The measured experimental data are statistically analyzed by dimensional analysis, and the equations are calculated by MATLAB mathematical software. The leakage diffusion equation of experimental gas is derived, and the equation is verified by other groups of data. The fluid mechanics CFD software Fluent, is used to simulate the diffusion of gas under the influence of the corresponding experimental environment conditions. Firstly, the geometric model is established by the pretreatment software Gambit of FLUENT, and the grid is divided, then the boundary conditions and initial values are set up, and then the numerical simulation results are compared with the experimental results to verify the accuracy of the experimental data. According to the experimental data and the results of numerical simulation, the warning area of the experimental gas, that is, the spatial range which has an impact on human health at the time of the leakage accident, is designated, thus providing a theoretical basis for the emergency rescue technology of the heavy gas leakage accident.
【学位授予单位】：华北科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ086
本文编号：2512712
文内图片：
图片说明：实验模型
[Abstract]:There are all kinds of dangerous hidden dangers in the production, use, storage, transportation and other stages of chemical products. In this process, the major leakage accidents of flammable and explosive, toxic and harmful gases occur from time to time, and will always be accompanied by different degrees of casualties, property losses and damage to the ecological environment. Because of the high density of heavy gas, the heavy gas will stay near the ground for a long time because of gravity action when diffusing. If the leaked gas is toxic and harmful gas, then the damage of this kind of accident to the people around the leakage source can be imagined. It is for this reason that the leakage and diffusion of heavy gases has been studied as a special problem. In order to study the law of heavy gas diffusion, the problem of heavy gas leakage and diffusion is studied in this paper. Taking SF6 as the research object, the experimental model is established according to the similarity theory and dimensional harmony theory, and the gas diffusion experiment of SF6 is carried out under different wind speed and leakage height. The measured experimental data are statistically analyzed by dimensional analysis, and the equations are calculated by MATLAB mathematical software. The leakage diffusion equation of experimental gas is derived, and the equation is verified by other groups of data. The fluid mechanics CFD software Fluent, is used to simulate the diffusion of gas under the influence of the corresponding experimental environment conditions. Firstly, the geometric model is established by the pretreatment software Gambit of FLUENT, and the grid is divided, then the boundary conditions and initial values are set up, and then the numerical simulation results are compared with the experimental results to verify the accuracy of the experimental data. According to the experimental data and the results of numerical simulation, the warning area of the experimental gas, that is, the spatial range which has an impact on human health at the time of the leakage accident, is designated, thus providing a theoretical basis for the emergency rescue technology of the heavy gas leakage accident.
【学位授予单位】：华北科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ086
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