电子局域引起的CrN硬度增强
发布时间:2021-04-07 00:26
元素周期表中前几个3d过渡金属氮化物是一类被广泛利用的硬质材料,可用于制造各种切削和加工工具。之前已经很好的理解了第4族碳氮化物的硬度起源.这与金属d轨道中的eg电子和氮的p轨道之间形成的pdσ键以及金属t2g电子之间形成的ddσ键的填充有关。当价电子浓度(VEC)低于8.4时,电子倾向于填充对硬度有益的pdσ键,而当价电子浓度(VEC)高于8.4时,电子则开始填充对硬度有害的dda键,此键的过度填充将导致硬度大幅降低。然而,实验发现,具有1 1个价电子的氮化铬(CrN)具有极高的硬度(16GPa),高于价电子浓度为10的氮化钒(10GPa),因而无法仅用上述电子填充理论来解释。在这项工作中,我们利用密度泛函理论来研究这种意外的硬度增强。我们发现,在不考虑磁性的情况下,过渡金属氮化物的弹性性质的变化均具有相似的趋势,但是磁性使得弹性性质发生了很大的变化。在磁性CrN中,半填充状态的Cr原子的t2g电子密度远高于非磁情况,因而是空间局域的。这种局域不仅在金属亚晶格中产生了强的t2g-t2g磁交换,而且也等效地减少了价电子数目,形成了价电子数目接近于为8的状态,减少了硬度有害的ddσ键的填...
【文章来源】:哈尔滨工业大学黑龙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校
【文章页数】:103 页
【学位级别】:硕士
【文章目录】:
摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Hard materials
1.2 CrN
1.3 Density Functional Calculations
Chapter 2 Density Functional Theory
2.1 The Born-Oppenheimer approximation
2.2 The Schr?dinger Equation
2.3 Hartree-Fock Approximation
2.4 Density Functional Theory
2.5 Exchange correlation functionals
2.5.1 Local Density Approximation (LDA)
2.5.2 Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) and PBE
2.6 The VASP code
2.7 The WIEN2k code
2.7.1 APW basis
2.7.2 APW + lo
2.7.3 LAPW
2.7.4 LAPW + LO
2.7.5 HDLO
2.8 Summary
Chapter 3 Hardness calculation within Density Functional Theory
3.1 Elastic constants for a real material
3.1.1 Elastic constants in cubic and orthorhombic crystals
3.2 Calculate elastic constants using DFT
3.3 Engineering Elastic constants
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 Calculation Results
4.1 Structure relaxation
4.2 Elastic properties
4.3 Electronic structures of Transition metal nitrides
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusions
结论
Index
References
Appendix A Functional and Their Derivative
Appendix B A beginner’s guide of WIEN2k
B.1 Installation
B.2 Parallelization
B.3 Running
Appendix C Benchmarks for VASP
C.1 Benchmarks
C.2 Round 1, try to find out the best NCORE settings
C.3 Round 2, How fast can we achieve using k-points parallel?
攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文及其它成果
致谢
个人简介
本文编号:3122442
【文章来源】:哈尔滨工业大学黑龙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校
【文章页数】:103 页
【学位级别】:硕士
【文章目录】:
摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Hard materials
1.2 CrN
1.3 Density Functional Calculations
Chapter 2 Density Functional Theory
2.1 The Born-Oppenheimer approximation
2.2 The Schr?dinger Equation
2.3 Hartree-Fock Approximation
2.4 Density Functional Theory
2.5 Exchange correlation functionals
2.5.1 Local Density Approximation (LDA)
2.5.2 Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) and PBE
2.6 The VASP code
2.7 The WIEN2k code
2.7.1 APW basis
2.7.2 APW + lo
2.7.3 LAPW
2.7.4 LAPW + LO
2.7.5 HDLO
2.8 Summary
Chapter 3 Hardness calculation within Density Functional Theory
3.1 Elastic constants for a real material
3.1.1 Elastic constants in cubic and orthorhombic crystals
3.2 Calculate elastic constants using DFT
3.3 Engineering Elastic constants
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 Calculation Results
4.1 Structure relaxation
4.2 Elastic properties
4.3 Electronic structures of Transition metal nitrides
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusions
结论
Index
References
Appendix A Functional and Their Derivative
Appendix B A beginner’s guide of WIEN2k
B.1 Installation
B.2 Parallelization
B.3 Running
Appendix C Benchmarks for VASP
C.1 Benchmarks
C.2 Round 1, try to find out the best NCORE settings
C.3 Round 2, How fast can we achieve using k-points parallel?
攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文及其它成果
致谢
个人简介
本文编号:3122442
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