基于联合仿真的加工中心丝杠进给系统动态特性研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 00:06

本文关键词：基于联合仿真的加工中心丝杠进给系统动态特性研究　出处：《兰州理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着先进制造技术的不断发展,数控加工技术得到了很大提高,这也推动着加工中心向着高速度、高精度和高效率的方向发展。进给系统是加工中心的重要组成部分,它的动态特性会直接影响到加工中心的加工质量和效率,因此对于加工中心进给系统动态性能的要求也越来越高。本文以HMC630卧式加工中心丝杠进给系统为研究对象,运用多体动力学建模技术和机电联合仿真技术对进给系统的动态特性进行深入研究。首先根据现有加工中心的进给驱动方式,结合多体系统动力学理论,建立了加工中心多刚体模型。利用有限元分析软件对进给系统的滚珠丝杠进行柔性化处理,建立加工中心进给系统刚柔耦合模型。分别对多刚体模型和刚柔耦合模型进行动力学仿真,并对仿真所获得的动力学参数进行对比分析,证明刚柔耦合模型能更真实的反映进给驱动系统的运动情况。然后建立加工中心伺服控制系统模型,并运用PID控制器整定调节控制系统的主要参数,使得控制系统达到快速响应的同时还具有较高的控制精度。将加工中心进给系统模型与控制系统联合,建立加工中心机电联合仿真平台。在建立的机电联合仿真平台上,通过输入直线型与S型加减速控制指令驱动工作台运动,实现不同速度控制算法规划下加工中心进给系统的动态特性研究,以得出较优的速度控制策略,为加工中心选择最佳的进给方式提供依据。再在联合仿真平台上模拟了凸轮的加工,获得了平面凸轮与空间凸轮的仿真加工轨迹,并将仿真加工轨迹曲线与理论凸轮轮廓曲线进行对比并分析,获知模拟加工轨迹的缺陷与不足,并提出改进措施。结果表明该仿真平台能够分析和评价加工中心进给系统的动态特性,可应用于调节整定伺服控制参数,分析加工轨迹等多个方面。其中,在ADAMS后处理模块还能获得大量的加工过程的动力学参数,这些都可以为加工中心的改善和研究提供依据。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of advanced manufacturing technology, NC machining technology has been greatly improved, which also promotes the development of machining centers towards high speed, high accuracy and high efficiency. Feed system is an important part of machining center, its dynamic characteristics will directly affect the machining quality and efficiency of machining center, so the requirement for dynamic performance of machining center feed system is also higher and higher. In this paper, the HMC630 horizontal machining center screw feed system is taken as the research object, and the dynamic characteristics of the feed system are further studied by multi-body dynamic modeling technology and electromechanical combined simulation technology. Firstly, based on the feed driving mode of the existing machining center and the multi body system dynamics theory, a multi rigid body model of the machining center is established. The finite element analysis software is used to flexibly handle the ball screw of the feed system, and the rigid flexible coupling model of the feed system of the machining center is established. The dynamic simulation of multi rigid body model and rigid flexible coupling model is carried out. The dynamic parameters obtained by simulation are compared and analyzed. It is proved that the rigid flexible coupling model can reflect the movement of feed drive system more truly. Then, the servo control system model of the machining center is established, and the main parameters of the control system are adjusted by using the PID controller, so that the control system achieves fast response and high control accuracy. The machining center feed system model and the control system are combined to establish the electromechanical joint simulation platform of the machining center. In the electromechanical integrated simulation platform based on acceleration and deceleration control command to drive the motion of the platform and S through the input line, the realization of different speed control of dynamic characteristics of feed system of machining center planning algorithm, to obtain better speed control strategy, and provide the basis for the best choice of feed processing in the heart. In the simulation platform, the simulation of the cam machining, the machining simulation of trajectory plane cam and spatial cam, and the machining simulation of cam contour curve and theoretical curve and contrast analysis, simulation of machining defects informed and shortcomings, and put forward the improvement measures. The simulation results show that the simulation platform can analyze and evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the feed system of the machining center, and it can be applied to adjust the servo control parameters and analyze the machining trajectory. In the ADAMS post processing module, a large number of dynamic parameters of the processing process can be obtained, which can provide a basis for the improvement and research of the machining center.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659

【参考文献】