约束阻尼型镗杆的优化及减振性能

发布时间：2018-01-07 00:11

本文关键词：约束阻尼型镗杆的优化及减振性能　出处：《航空学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：孔加工过程中镗杆的切削颤振影响着表面加工质量和加工精度,约束阻尼型镗杆可有效抑制这种切削振动,但其作用机理未被完全研究清楚,导致其抑制振动的效果一般。对约束阻尼型镗杆的结构优化、材料优选及减振性能进行了理论和实验研究。首先,根据Kelvin-Voigt粘弹性力学模型理论建立了镗杆的动力学模型,研究证实增大镗杆的静刚度和结构损耗因子能提高其减振性能从而提高孔加工质量;其次,基于建立的约束阻尼型镗杆静刚度和结构损耗因子理论公式,对其进行结构优化、材料优选。结果显示:存在一个最佳尺寸范围可减小镗杆在主要工作频域段上的振动,同时所选用的阻尼层应具有较小的弹性模量和较大的材料损耗因子,约束层材料应具有较大的弹性模量;最后,设计制造4种不同材料的约束阻尼型镗杆,通过模态实验获得静刚度、结构损耗因子,并与理论计算结果进行对比分析,同时研究切削过程中约束阻尼型镗杆的材料及切削参数对减振性能的影响。结果显示:约束阻尼型镗杆能有效减小径向振动以提高加工质量,不同材料的约束阻尼型镗杆在切削过程中径向振动差别较大,优化后的钢-PMMA-硬质合金镗杆在不同切深及转速下的径向振动加速度较小且更加稳定。
[Abstract]:The cutting chatter of boring bar affects the surface machining quality and machining precision. The constrained damping boring bar can effectively suppress the cutting vibration, but its mechanism has not been fully studied. As a result, the vibration suppression effect is general. The structural optimization, material selection and vibration absorption performance of constrained damping boring bar are studied theoretically and experimentally. First of all. Based on the theory of Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic mechanics, the dynamic model of boring bar is established. It is proved that increasing the static stiffness and structural loss factor of boring bar can improve its vibration absorption performance and improve the quality of hole machining. Secondly, based on the theoretical formula of static stiffness and structural loss factor of constrained damping boring bar, the structure optimization is carried out. The results show that the vibration of the boring bar in the main frequency domain can be reduced by the existence of an optimum size range, and the damping layer should have smaller elastic modulus and larger material loss factor. The confined layer material should have large elastic modulus; Finally, four kinds of constrained damping boring bar with different materials are designed and manufactured. The static stiffness and structural loss factor are obtained by modal experiments, and the results are compared with the theoretical results. At the same time, the influence of material and cutting parameters of constrained damping boring bar on vibration absorption performance is studied. The results show that constrained damping boring bar can effectively reduce radial vibration and improve machining quality. The radial vibration of constrained damping boring bar with different materials varies greatly in the cutting process, and the radial vibration acceleration of the optimized steel PMMA-cemented carbide boring bar is smaller and more stable under different cutting depths and rotational speeds.
【作者单位】：山东大学机械工程学院高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51425503,51375272,U1201245) 高档数控机床与基础制造装备科技重大专项(2015ZX04005008) 泰山学者专项(TS20130922)~~
【分类号】：TG53
【正文快照】： 网络出版地址:www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1929.V.20150907.1618.004.html引用格式:刘洋,刘战强,宋清华.约束阻尼型镗杆的优化及减振性能[J].航空学报,2016,37(6):1992-2002.LIU Y,LIU Z Q,SONGQ H.Optimization and damping performance of constrained damping boring bar

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