铁路轴承套圈外圆磨床结构动态特性分析

发布时间：2018-01-15 07:14

本文关键词：铁路轴承套圈外圆磨床结构动态特性分析　出处：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：铁路轴承套圈外圆磨床主要用于铁路轴承内圈滚道与大外径的磨削,磨床的动态性能直接决定轴承的加工精度和表面质量。本文以铁路轴承套圈外圆磨床为研究对象,考虑结合部刚度建模问题,开展机床结构动态特性分析与结构动态设计,主要研究工作如下：(1)借助三维造型软件SolidWorks和有限元软件ANSYS建立铁路轴承套圈外圆磨床整机动力学模型：基于摩擦学理论、振动理论、赫兹接触理论和吉村允孝积分法计算磨床减振垫铁、进给系统和螺栓结合部的接触刚度,通过ANSYS弹簧单元将结合部刚度加入整机动力学模型。(2)对磨床整机进行模态分析与谐响应分析,并探讨了磨床固定方式、结合部刚度等对磨床整机动态特性的影响,研究结果表明：磨床通过减震垫铁自由放置于地面时,整机模态振型表现为自由模态；结合部刚度对整机动态特性的影响不可忽略。(3)根据模态和谐响应分析结果,以提高整机低阶固有频率和降低工件与砂轮之间的相对幅值为目标,分别对磨床床身、工件系统和磨削系统展开结构动态设计,并确定最终动态设计方案。考虑结合部的影响,对改进后的新磨床整机展开动态特性分析,结果表明：结构改进后,磨床整机弹性连接的前四阶固有频率分别提高了11.32%、13.15%、8.67%和3.45%,砂轮与工件间的最大振幅由原来的3.4×10-Smm降至3.25×10-5mm,降幅为4.4%,整机动态特性得到了提高。
[Abstract]:Railway bearing ring grinding machine is mainly used for the grinding of rail bearing inner ring raceway and large outer diameter. The dynamic performance of the grinding machine directly determines the machining accuracy and surface quality of the bearing. In this paper, the external circular grinding machine of the railway bearing ring is taken as the research object, and the stiffness modeling of the joint part is considered. The structure dynamic characteristic analysis and the structure dynamic design of the machine tool are carried out. The main research work is as follows: (1) with the help of 3D modeling software SolidWorks and finite element software ANSYS, the dynamic model of railway bearing ring cylindrical grinder is established: based on tribology theory. Vibration theory, Hertz contact theory and Yoshimura integration method are used to calculate the contact stiffness of grinding machine damping pad iron, feed system and bolt joint. The stiffness of the joint part is added to the dynamic model of the whole machine by ANSYS spring element. The modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the grinder are carried out, and the fixed mode of the grinder is discussed. The effect of joint stiffness on the dynamic characteristics of the grinder is studied. The results show that when the grinding machine is placed on the ground freely through the shock absorber cushion iron, the modal mode of the grinder appears to be free mode. The effect of joint stiffness on the dynamic characteristics of the whole machine can not be ignored. (3) according to the results of modal harmonic response analysis, the aim is to increase the low order natural frequency of the whole machine and reduce the relative amplitude between the workpiece and the grinding wheel. The dynamic design of grinding machine bed, workpiece system and grinding system is carried out respectively, and the final dynamic design scheme is determined. Considering the influence of joint, the dynamic characteristics of the improved new grinder are analyzed. The results show that the first four natural frequencies of the elastic connection of the grinder are increased by 11.32% and 3.45% respectively. The maximum amplitude between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is reduced from 3.4 脳 10-Smm to 3.25 脳 10-5mm, with a decrease of 4.4mm, and the dynamic characteristics of the whole machine are improved.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U270.33;TG581.1

【相似文献】