永磁同步电主轴磁极参数与噪声关系的研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 19:48

本文关键词： 永磁同步电主轴气隙磁场径向电磁力切向电磁力转矩脉动　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电主轴是高精度数控机床的关键部件,为数控机床进行加工、切削等工作提供了驱动力,其产生的振动噪声严重影响着数控机床的使用寿命和工作精度。电主轴的磁极部分会产生励磁磁场,其结构参数的变化对电主轴的转矩脉动和齿槽转矩有重要影响。对磁极参数进行优化可以减小电主轴的转矩脉动和齿槽转矩,进而减小电主轴的振动噪声,因此,对电主轴磁极参数进行研究具有重要的工程实际意义。本文利用有限元软件ANSYS对电主轴的气隙磁场进行了仿真计算,提取气隙磁场定子内表面的径向电磁力密度和转子外表面的切向电磁力密度并对其进行频谱分析,发现径向电磁力幅值远大于切向电磁力幅值,电磁力低次谐波幅值远大于高次谐波幅值。对电主轴磁极进行三角形、矩形、扇形等面积削角,发现三角形削角对永磁同步电主轴转矩脉动的削弱效果最明显。此外,当磁极极弧参数优化为0.866时,永磁同步电主轴的转矩脉动和齿槽转矩也有所降低。对电主轴定子铁心、前后端盖和整机进行了模态分析,获得相应关键部件的模态振型和固有频率。对比模态分析结果,得出永磁同步电主轴关键部件的模态频率与径向电磁力频率相差较大,电主轴整体运行状况良好。将Maxwell软件与ANSYS软件进行耦合,对三角形削角磁极结构的电主轴进行了振动噪声的仿真分析,仿真结果表明,距离电主轴中心1000mm处某点的噪声峰值与原始样机相比降低了1.9143dB,优化效果比较明显。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle is the key component of high precision NC machine tool, which provides driving force for NC machine tool to machining and cutting. Its vibration and noise seriously affect the service life and working accuracy of CNC machine tools, and the magnetic field will be produced in the pole part of the motorized spindle. The variation of structure parameters has an important effect on torque ripple and slot torque of motorized spindle. Optimizing magnetic pole parameters can reduce torque ripple and groove torque of motorized spindle and then reduce vibration noise of motorized spindle. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the magnetic pole parameters of the motorized spindle. In this paper, the air-gap magnetic field of the motorized spindle is simulated by using the finite element software ANSYS. The radial electromagnetic force density of the inner surface of the air-gap magnetic field and the tangential electromagnetic force density of the outer surface of the rotor are extracted and analyzed in the frequency spectrum. It is found that the amplitude of the radial electromagnetic force is much larger than the amplitude of the tangential electromagnetic force. The low order harmonic amplitude of electromagnetic force is much larger than the high order harmonic amplitude. The electric spindle magnetic pole is triangulated, rectangular and fan-shaped. It is found that triangular triangulation is the most effective way to weaken torque ripple of permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle. In addition, when the pole arc parameter is optimized to 0.866. Torque ripple and grooving torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor spindle are also reduced. Modal analysis of stator core, front and rear end cover and whole machine of motor spindle are carried out. The modal modes and natural frequencies of the corresponding key components are obtained. Compared with the results of modal analysis, it is concluded that the modal frequencies of the key components of PMSM are quite different from those of the radial electromagnetic force. The Maxwell software and the ANSYS software are coupled to simulate the vibration and noise of the motorized spindle with triangular-angle magnetic pole structure. The simulation results show that the vibration and noise of the motorized spindle are very good. Compared with the original prototype, the noise peak at a certain point at 1000mm from the center of the motorized spindle is reduced by 1.9143dB, and the optimization effect is obvious.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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