基于金属粉末支撑的金属堆焊成型机研制

发布时间：2018-03-10 21:34

本文选题：堆焊成型　切入点：铺粉机构　出处：《新疆大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：快速成型(Rapid Prototyping,RP)技术是加工制造领域的一项重大研究成果,同时金属快速成型技术也是快速成型技术与研究的热点。采用电弧作为热源的三维堆焊技术其成型零件的致密度高,力学性能良好,同时结合成熟的焊接工艺能够在降低设备成本的情况下还能保证成型质量,因此具有很好的发展前景。本文在原有的设备基础上进行了开发,设计了一种堆焊成型机,加入了铺粉功能,还完成了对该堆焊成型设备的机械系统、控制系统硬件设计与搭建以及配套软件的开发,并在设备上进行了堆焊试验。本文提供了一种基于金属粉末支撑的堆焊成型金属零件的方法,其基础原理是焊接成型技术与快速成型技术的结合。主要的方法是利用焊丝作为成型材料,采用金属粉末作为支撑材料,金属粉末对悬臂结构的零件起到了支撑作用,能够实现金属零件的堆焊快速成型。自行研制的堆焊成型机的机械结构主要包括:三维运动机构,以及新添加的铺粉模块、送粉模块和粉末回收模块。对主要模块进行了设计与搭建,并介绍了各个模块的工作原理,同时对关键零部件进行了有限元分析。设备控制系统采用了数控系统常用的“工控机+运动控制器”的方案,采用模块化设计的方法缩短了开发周期,控制系统的性能稳定可靠。完成了堆焊控制系统的测试软件的设计,本设备的配套控制软件使用Delphi进行开发,软件系统包含了点位控制模块、状态检测模块和波形显示模块这三个主要功能模块,软件性能可靠,结构完善。在完成了设备的机械系统、控制系统以及软件系统的设计与搭建后,进行了系统调试,调试效果良好。通过试验确定了刮板的平动速度和送粉棍的转速。设计了单道多层试验和多道单层成型试验,对试验现象和结果进行了分析。最后进行了悬臂结构零件的成型试验,验证了堆焊设备的可行性。
[Abstract]:Rapid Prototyping (RPP) technology is an important research achievement in the field of processing and manufacturing, and metal rapid prototyping technology is also a hot spot in rapid prototyping technology. The mechanical property is good, at the same time the mature welding process can guarantee the forming quality while reducing the equipment cost, so it has a very good development prospect. This paper has carried on the development on the basis of the original equipment, A surfacing molding machine is designed, and the powder laying function is added. The mechanical system of the surfacing forming equipment, the hardware design and construction of the control system and the development of the supporting software are also completed. A method of forming metal parts based on metal powder support is provided in this paper. The basic principle is the combination of welding forming technology and rapid prototyping technology. The main method is to use welding wire as molding material and metal powder as supporting material. Metal powder plays a supporting role in cantilever structure parts. The mechanical structure of the self-developed surfacing molding machine mainly includes three dimensional motion mechanism and the newly added powder laying module. The main modules are designed and built, and the working principle of each module is introduced. At the same time, the finite element analysis of the key parts is carried out. The equipment control system adopts the scheme of "industrial control computer motion controller", which is commonly used in numerical control system, and shortens the development period by adopting the method of modular design. The performance of the control system is stable and reliable. The test software of the surfacing welding control system is designed. The supporting control software of this equipment is developed with Delphi, and the software system includes the point position control module. The three main function modules of state detection module and waveform display module have reliable performance and perfect structure. After completing the design and construction of the mechanical system, control system and software system of the equipment, the system is debugged. The debugging effect is good. The speed of moving of scraper and the speed of powder feeding rod are determined by experiment. Single pass multi-layer test and multi-channel monolayer molding test are designed. Finally, the forming test of cantilever structure parts is carried out, and the feasibility of surfacing equipment is verified.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG439.2

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