3003铝合金在雷电直击情况下的损伤特性和损伤机理

发布时间：2018-03-13 05:30

本文选题：雷电流　切入点：不同分量　出处：《高电压技术》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：雷击铝合金的损伤特性和损伤机理是油罐等防雷保护研究的基础之一。为此,基于模拟雷电流试验方法研究了不同雷电流分量作用下储油常用铝合金材料铝3003的损伤特性和损伤机理,通过采用高分辨扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能量色散分析(EDS)对雷击3003铝合金的损伤形貌、组织形貌、损伤前后元素原子质量分数变化进行了观察和分析,结合不同雷电流分量的特性讨论了不同雷电流分量下合金的损伤特性和损伤机理。研究结果表明:首次短时间回击电流分量作用下,合金表面形成一层较薄氧化膜,膜层破碎萌生裂纹;回击间长持续时间雷电流分量作用下,合金损伤区第2相粒子密度增大且尺寸减小,过渡区第2相粒子密度明显减少,损伤区和过渡区界面出现树枝晶和带状晶界,合金受热熔化后在电应力作用下凝固不均匀产生裂纹;末次回击后长持续时间雷电流分量作用下,合金出现"过烧"现象,复熔程度加深,出现熔坑,合金损伤区形成了较多的析氢气孔,造成应力集中萌生裂纹。该研究结果可以为合金材料防雷性能的改进提供参考。
[Abstract]:The damage characteristics and mechanism of lightning strike aluminum alloy is one of the foundation of lightning protection research for oil tank. Based on the simulated lightning current test method, the damage characteristics and damage mechanism of aluminum alloy 3003, a common aluminum alloy material for oil storage under different lightning current components, are studied. High resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDS) were used to observe and analyze the damage morphology, microstructure and atomic mass fraction of element in 3003 aluminum alloy after lightning strike. Combined with the characteristics of different lightning current components, the damage characteristics and damage mechanism of the alloy under different lightning current components are discussed. The results show that a thin oxide film is formed on the surface of the alloy under the action of the first short-time backstroke current component. The second phase particle density in the damage zone increases and the size decreases, while the second phase particle density decreases obviously in the transition zone. Dendrite and band-shaped grain boundary appear at the interface of the damage zone and transition zone, the alloy solidifies inhomogeneously under the action of electric stress after heating and melting, and under the action of lightning current component for a long time after the last backstroke, the alloy appears the phenomenon of "overburning". The remelting degree is deepened, the melting pit appears, and more hydrogen evolution pores are formed in the damage zone of the alloy, which results in the stress concentration initiation crack. The results can provide a reference for the improvement of the lightning protection performance of the alloy material.
【作者单位】：安徽省防雷中心;上海交通大学电气工程系电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51577117)~~
【分类号】：TG146.21

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