H68黄铜深孔壳体件多工位冷挤压工艺设计及数值模拟

发布时间：2018-03-14 18:20

本文选题：深孔壳体件　切入点：冷挤压　出处：《重庆理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统的机加工生产深孔壳体件工序多、材料利用率低、产品性能不足。多工位冷挤压技术能有效的提高材料利用率,挤压产生的加工硬化效应能提高最终产品的性能。利用Deform-3D软件对H68黄铜多工位冷挤压的工艺及模具进行数值模拟,能有效快速的分析材料成型数据,如温度、速度、应变等,通过分析结果反作用于设计,使工艺设计和模具设计得到优化,以便用于大批量生产。本文就H68深孔壳体件多工位冷挤压工艺设计及模具设计进行了研究,首先预设计多种工艺方案,然后通过相关工艺理论知识及Deform-3D数值模拟分析结果得出最终多工位加工工艺方案,并在有限元相关理论知识的背景下,对该多工位冷挤压工艺及模具进行了真实有效的数值模拟试验,最后对多工位冷挤压壳体件及模具进行了生产试制,并通过各种检验方式对最终工件相关参数进行了检验,同时对数值模拟结果与试验结果进行了比对。结果表明:1)通过各工序比较,最优工序安排为:剪切下料→闭式镦粗制坯→软化退火、清洗→预成型中心孔→反挤冲孔→正挤缩径→镦底。2)润滑方式的选择、软化退火工艺的合理安排,既延长了模具寿命、保证了深孔壳体件良好的表面质量,也使深孔壳体件获得了明显的加工硬化效果。3)通过合理的工艺及模具设计、模具选材及热处理、润滑等多种技术途径有效地解决了反挤冲孔工序中细长冲头的断裂和弯曲问题。4)通过Deform-3D有限元数值模拟结果分析,该深孔壳体件在多工位成形过程中温度变化整体不大,金属流动平稳,无死区。应力主要集中在上顶杆与下顶冲和坯料接触的部位,局部区域部位会产生应力集中,导致残留应力的出现。特别是反挤冲孔工序小冲头直径小,承受载荷大,下端有应力集中,故该冲头为最易折弯的模具。5)无论是成形过程,还是金属流动,试验结果与模拟试验结果匹配度高、吻合性好、结果统一。证明该壳体件数值模拟结果可以指导该工件的生产。
[Abstract]:The traditional machining process for producing deep-hole shell parts has many processes, low material utilization ratio and insufficient product performance. Multi-station cold extrusion technology can effectively improve the material utilization ratio. The process and die of multi-station cold extrusion of H68 brass can be numerically simulated by Deform-3D software, which can analyze the forming data of materials such as temperature, speed, strain and so on effectively and quickly. The process design and die design are optimized for mass production through the reaction of the analysis results. In this paper, the multi-station cold extrusion process design and die design of H68 deep hole shell parts are studied. Firstly, several process schemes are pre-designed, and then the final multi-station machining process scheme is obtained through relevant process theory knowledge and Deform-3D numerical simulation results, and under the background of finite element related theoretical knowledge, The multi-station cold extrusion process and die are tested by real and effective numerical simulation. Finally, the multi-station cold extrusion shell parts and dies are produced and the relevant parameters of the final workpiece are tested by various inspection methods. At the same time, the numerical simulation results are compared with the experimental results. 鈫扖losed upsetting billet. 鈫扴oftening annealing cleaning. 鈫扨reforming center hole. 鈫扲everse extrusion punching. 鈫扨ositive squeezing diameter. 鈫扵he choice of lubrication mode and the reasonable arrangement of softening and annealing process not only prolong the life of die, but also guarantee the good surface quality of the shell parts with deep holes. It also makes the deep hole shell get obvious working-hardening effect. 3) through reasonable process and die design, die material selection and heat treatment, Lubrication and other technical approaches have effectively solved the fracture and bending problems of slender punches in reverse extrusion punching. 4) through the numerical simulation results of Deform-3D finite element analysis, the temperature of the deep hole shell in the process of multi-position forming has not changed much, as a whole, the temperature of the deep hole shell has not changed much in the process of multi-position forming. The stress is mainly concentrated in the part where the upper top rod is in contact with the bottom top impact and the blank, and the local area will produce stress concentration, which will lead to the appearance of residual stress, especially in the reverse extrusion process, the diameter of the punching head is small. Due to the large load and the stress concentration at the lower end, the punch is the most easily bending die. 5) whether it is the forming process or the metal flow, the test results match well with the simulated test results. It is proved that the numerical simulation results of the shell part can guide the production of the workpiece.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG379

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