可溶镁合金力学性能及溶解性能试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 19:04

本文选题：可溶镁合金　切入点：结构功能一体化材料　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：海水具有很强的腐蚀性,所以像镁合金这类不耐腐蚀的金属在船舶工业和海洋工程装备上的应用并不是很广泛。为了顺应社会的快速发展,船舶和海洋装备就需要朝着更细化、更多元的方向迈进,所以在海洋领域中,多功能材料的开发显得刻不容缓。镁合金是一类拥有多种优异特性的金属材料,在多功能材料领域有着巨大的开发前景。早在20世纪80年代,便开始利用原电池原理开发镁合金在海洋领域的应用,比如,用于阴极保护的镁合金牺牲阳极,海上重要仪器回收装置或定时触发装置、氢气浮力装置等等。然而,以往对镁合金溶解性的探究不够深入,缺乏系统的理论和试验研究来指导应用。本文研究对象可溶镁合金是一种既可以发挥金属强度硬度方面优良的力学性能又能在特定溶液条件下溶解且不对其工作环境造成破坏的一类结构功能一体化合金。首先通过粉末烧结的方法制备了不同成分的可溶镁合金,然后通过组织观察、力学性能测试及溶解试验对其性能进行了研究和讨论,并为以后实际应用提供理论基础和试验依据。主要成果如下:1.采用粉末冶金工艺制备出可溶镁合金并通过对合金显微组织观察表明:粉末烧结方法可制备出晶粒粒度均匀、组织致密的合金,且晶粒平均尺寸与烧结体粉末镁颗粒尺寸相当。2.对不同成分的合金试样进行了硬度和强度测试,结果表明,Al元素含量及Al粉末颗粒的粒度对合金的力学性能均有影响:①在Al含量2.5～6.5%wt.范围内,随着Al含量的增加,合金硬度和压缩强度增大;②纳米Al颗粒制备的合金硬度和压缩强度明显高于微米Al颗粒制备的合金。3.设计了可溶镁合金溶解试验,通过试验研究了基体因素和外部条件对镁合金溶解性能的影响,结果表明:①随着Al含量的增多,试样的溶解速率变快;②微米Al颗粒制备的合金比纳米Al颗粒制备的合金溶解速率快;③溶液温度影响合金溶解速率,温度越高合金溶解速率越快;④溶液中Cl-浓度影响合金溶解速率,Cl-浓度高的溶液合金溶解速率快。
[Abstract]:Seawater is so corrosive that non-corrosive metals such as magnesium alloys are not widely used in shipbuilding and marine engineering equipment. In order to adapt to the rapid development of society, ships and marine equipment need to be further refined. In the ocean field, the development of multifunctional materials is urgent. Magnesium alloy is a kind of metal material with many excellent properties. As early as the 1980s, we began to use the principle of primary battery to develop magnesium alloy applications in the ocean field, such as the sacrificial anode for cathodic protection of magnesium alloy. Important offshore instruments such as recovery devices or timing triggers, hydrogen buoyancy devices, etc., however, previous research on the solubility of magnesium alloys is not enough. The research object of this paper is soluble magnesium alloy, which can not only exert the excellent mechanical properties of metal strength and hardness, but also dissolve and do not work in a specific solution. A class of structure-functional integrative alloys caused by environmental damage. Firstly, soluble magnesium alloys with different compositions were prepared by powder sintering. Then the properties were studied and discussed by microstructure observation, mechanical property test and dissolution test. The main results are as follows: 1.Soluble magnesium alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy process and the microstructure of the alloys was observed. The results showed that the grain size was uniform by powder sintering method. The microstructure of the alloy is dense, and the average grain size is equal to that of the sintered powder magnesium. The hardness and strength of the alloy samples with different compositions are tested. The results show that the content of Al and the particle size of Al powder have an effect on the mechanical properties of the alloy. In the range of 2.5% Al content and 6.5 wt. with the increase of Al content, the mechanical properties of the alloy increase with the increase of Al content. The hardness and compressive strength of the alloy prepared by increasing the hardness and compression strength of the alloy prepared by the nano-Al particles were obviously higher than that by the alloy prepared by the micro-Al particles. The dissolution test of the soluble magnesium alloy was designed. The effects of matrix factors and external conditions on the solubility of magnesium alloy were studied. The results showed that the content of Al increased with the increase of Al content. The dissolution rate of the alloy prepared by Al particles of 2 micron is faster than that of the alloy prepared by nano-Al particles. The solution temperature affects the dissolution rate of the alloy. The higher the temperature, the faster the dissolution rate of alloys is.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG146.22

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