基于双能X射线透射的废金属识别与分离控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 04:31

本文选题：废金属　切入点：双能X射线　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：废金属资源的循环利用,可以缓解开采原生矿产资源所造成的资源和环境压力,促进可持续发展。废金属通过熔铸再生实现再利用,为节省废金属源循环再生的成本,需要将废金属按种类进行分选回收。在基于双能X射线透射技术的废金属分选过程中,金属物料的透射厚度对其种类的识别的准确性造成影响,而分离控制技术则决定了金属物料最后分离的准确率。为了提高废金属分选系统分选的准确性,论文研究了基于双能X射线透射技术的金属物料种类识别算法和分离控制技术。本文首先分析了双能曲线拟合法和R值算法,针对厚度因素影响物料种类识别的问题,在R值和低能透射信号曲线算法的基础上,利用复化求积方法对R值算法进行优化,提出了基于复化求积的R值曲线拟合算法,减弱了厚度因素对种类识别的影响,并通过实验对算法效果进行了验证。金属物料的分离控制需要获取物料种类和位置信息。在计算物料位置信息时,利用图像处理技术对X射线透射信号分析,在二值图像形心算法的基础上进行改进,实现了多个物料目标的形心计算,解决同一物料的探测数据被分割至两幅图的问题,并实现了物料种类信息和位置信息的匹配。物料分离控制技术方面,结合现有硬件平台,提出了两种分离控制方法。一是利用接近开关检测物料到达动作位置,反馈信号给控制系统,再根据决策信息进行分离控制;另一方法是利用Windows多媒体计时函数,以计算延时的方式判定物料是否到达动作位置,完成物料的分离。最后通过实验验证了物料分离控制效果,同时对物料位置计算的准确性进行了验证。
[Abstract]:The recycling of scrap metal resources can relieve the pressure of resources and environment caused by the exploitation of primary mineral resources and promote the sustainable development. Scrap metals can be reused by melting and reclaiming in order to save the cost of recycling waste metal sources. Waste metals need to be sorted and recovered according to their types. In the process of sorting scrap metals based on dual-energy X-ray transmission technology, the transmission thickness of metal materials has an impact on the accuracy of the classification of scrap metals. In order to improve the accuracy of scrap metal sorting system, the separation control technology determines the accuracy of final separation of metal materials. In this paper, the classification recognition algorithm and separation control technology of metal materials based on dual-energy X-ray transmission technology are studied. Firstly, the double-energy curve fitting method and R-value algorithm are analyzed. On the basis of R value and low energy transmission signal curve algorithm, the complex quadrature method is used to optimize the R value algorithm, and the R value curve fitting algorithm based on complex quadrature is proposed, which weakens the influence of thickness factor on category recognition. The effect of the algorithm is verified by experiments. The material type and position information need to be obtained for the separation control of metal materials. In the calculation of material position information, the X-ray transmission signal is analyzed by image processing technology. Based on the binary image centroid algorithm, the centroid calculation of multiple material targets is realized, and the problem that the detection data of the same material is divided into two pictures is solved. In the aspect of material separation control technology and the existing hardware platform, two separation control methods are put forward. One is to use proximity switch to detect the material reaching the action position. The feedback signal is given to the control system, and then the control is separated according to the decision information. Another method is to use the Windows multimedia timing function to determine whether the material reaches the action position by calculating the delay. Finally, the control effect of material separation is verified by experiments, and the accuracy of material position calculation is verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG115.22

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