基于3D打印技术制作铸型中模样的工艺研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 09:20

本文选题：工艺过程　切入点：建模　出处：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：3D打印技术作为一种新型的快速成形技术,它以3D数字模型为原型,通过逐层堆叠累积的方式将3D模型构建成为真实的物体,其核心思想是模型离散过程和材料堆积过程的。3D打印技术采用“增材制造”方法,有效解决了传统的制造技术中“减材制造”的资源浪费问题;铸造技术是一种古老的,成熟的制造技术。但铸型的制作受到模样的制约,导致精密铸造的发展受到限制,特别是一些曲面造型较多,且壁厚较薄的零件,模样的制作工艺复杂,加工比较费时。如果把精密铸造技术与3D打印技术相结合,利用3D打印设备打印一些传统制造无法加工的模样,或者加工较为困难的模样,精密铸造就可以快速的铸造一些尺寸精度要求较高、形状结构复杂、薄壁、无余量或者少余量的金属件。近些年,我国大力研发精密铸造技术,但大多数的铸型或者模具的制作都离不开模样,而且在很多场合依然用的是传统的木模,导致铸型的精度不高,零件的加工余量较大,成本较高,尤其是一些更新换代较快的铸件,如果利用传统的制模方式就会导致模具的设计、制造周期比较长,但如果把3D打印技术运用到模具制造中,就可以为模具快速设计、制造提供一种新的思路、新的途径。本文结合实际,借助间接制模技术的工艺路线以及木模的生产工艺,利用3D打印技术制作树脂模样来代替传统的木模工艺过程进行了研究探讨。通过建立轮毂模型,打印轮毂模样,探讨利用3D打印技术打印模样的工艺过程,以及在建模过程中建模软件,建模方式的选择,模样设计时应该考虑的因素、原则;并且利用不同的软件对轮毂模样进行STL格式转换,研究了利用不同的软件进行转换时,操作方式及参数的设置原则,以及不同的处理方式对模型表面精度的影响。最后打印完成了轮毂模样。本文的研究对利用3D打印技术打印铸型中的模样有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:As a new kind of rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing technology takes 3D digital model as its prototype and builds 3D model into real object by stacking and accumulating layer by layer. The core idea is that the. 3D printing technology of model discrete process and material stacking process adopts the method of "increasing material manufacture", which effectively solves the problem of "reducing material manufacturing" in traditional manufacturing technology, and the foundry technology is an ancient one. Mature manufacturing technology. However, the manufacture of mould is restricted by pattern, which results in the development of precision casting being restricted. Especially for some parts with more curved surface and thinner wall thickness, the making process of pattern is complicated. It takes more time to process. If you combine precision casting with 3D printing, use 3D printing equipment to print patterns that are traditionally impossible to process, or that are more difficult to process. Precision casting can quickly cast some metal parts with high dimensional accuracy, complicated shape and structure, thin wall, no allowance or little allowance. In recent years, China has made great efforts to develop precision casting technology. However, most molds or molds can not be made without patterns, and in many cases traditional wood moulds are still used, which leads to low precision of molds, large machining allowance and high cost of parts. In particular, some of the newer and faster castings, if they use the traditional mold making method, will lead to the design of the mould, and the manufacturing period is relatively long. But if the 3D printing technology is applied to the mold manufacturing, it can be used to design the mould quickly. Manufacturing provides a new way of thinking, a new way. This paper combines with practice, with the help of indirect molding technology and the production process of wood mold, The process of using 3D printing technology to make resin pattern instead of traditional wood mould is studied. By establishing wheel hub model, printing hub pattern and using 3D printing technology to print pattern, the process of printing pattern is discussed. In the process of modeling, the selection of modeling software, the selection of modeling methods, the factors and principles that should be considered in pattern design, and the STL format conversion of hub pattern with different software are studied. The operation mode and parameter setting principle, as well as the influence of different processing methods on the surface precision of the model. Finally, the pattern of the wheel hub is finished by printing. The research in this paper has some reference significance for printing the pattern in the mold by using 3D printing technology.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG241

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