基于多工位冷镦机的钻头制造工艺分析与参数优化

发布时间：2018-04-02 06:14

本文选题：钻头　切入点：冷镦工艺　出处：《温州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷镦是目前材料成形不可或缺且应用广泛的加工方法之一。钻头是钻床必不可少的组成部分,随着钻床精度要求增加,钻头加工精度与质量成为现在需要解决的一大问题,而现有冷镦钻头加工工艺已无法满足这一要求。改进冷镦加工工艺,优化冷镦参数,从而提高冷镦产品质量开始为人们所重视。通过冷镦参数优化,改进冷镦加工工艺,减少冷镦力,提高模具使用寿命,省略热处理等复杂前处理工序对冷镦行业乃至整个制造业都具有重要意义。本文研究40Cr钻头的加工原理,分析冷镦成形的方法,找出冷镦成形过程中的影响参数,根据冷镦原则建立工艺参数模型,通过数值分析处理得出优化数据,经有限元软件模拟仿真,结合现场试验验证数据合理性,指导冷镦的实际生产。首先,分析现有冷镦加工工艺,针对冷镦工艺中的缺陷进行改进,提出新的加工工艺流程,分析冷镦加工过程影响因素;其次,现有冷镦加工过程中,由于加工硬化影响,高硬度材料需预先进行热处理,加工工序复杂且产品质量无法保证。针对这一问题,本文通过改进模具夹角和材料镦锻率,结合冷镦力调整,优化冷镦加工流程;再次,通过分析冷镦加工过程的参数,找出其中对冷镦过程影响最显著的因素,结合冷镦基本原则、冷镦力经验公式以及模具理论,建立钻头冷镦参数数学模型。通过数值分析和理论计算,找出冷镦力、变形程度和模具夹角最优的数学关系,并以此得出优化参数;通过有限元软件模拟钻头成形过程,结合各工位应力云图分析参数的合理性,最后试制样品。结果显示,数值分析、有限元模拟、实验验证结果吻合,40Cr材料冷镦过程省去热处理工序,节约资源的同时,产品质量得以保证;最后,本文对冷镦机执行机构进行优化设计,建立冷镦执行机构模型,并对模型进行模态分析求解,从而为进一步研究机构在冲击载荷作用下的疲劳特性和可靠性提供参考。
[Abstract]:Cold heading is one of the indispensable and widely used processing methods for material forming.Drill bit is an essential part of drilling machine. With the increase of drilling machine precision, bit machining accuracy and quality have become a major problem to be solved, but the existing cold heading bit processing technology can not meet this requirement.People pay more attention to improving the quality of cold heading products by improving cold heading process and optimizing cold heading parameters.By optimizing the cold heading parameters, improving the cold heading processing technology, reducing the cold heading force, increasing the service life of the die and omitting the heat treatment and other complex preprocessing processes are of great significance to the cold heading industry and even the whole manufacturing industry.In this paper, the machining principle of 40Cr bit is studied, the method of cold heading forming is analyzed, the influence parameters in cold heading forming process are found out, the process parameter model is established according to the cold heading principle, and the optimized data are obtained by numerical analysis and processing.The rationality of the data is verified by the finite element simulation software and the field test is used to guide the actual production of cold heading.First of all, the existing cold heading process is analyzed, the defects in the cold heading process are improved, a new processing process is proposed, and the factors affecting the cold heading process are analyzed. Secondly, during the existing cold heading process, due to the influence of work hardening,High-hardness materials need heat treatment in advance, the processing process is complex and the product quality can not be guaranteed.In order to solve this problem, this paper optimizes the cold heading process by improving the die angle and material upsetting rate, combining with the adjustment of cold heading force. Thirdly, by analyzing the parameters of cold heading process, we find out the most significant factors that affect the cold heading process.Based on the basic principles of cold heading, empirical formula of cold heading force and die theory, the mathematical model of bit cold heading parameters is established.Through numerical analysis and theoretical calculation, the optimum mathematical relations of cold heading force, deformation degree and die angle are found out, and the optimized parameters are obtained, and the forming process of drill bit is simulated by finite element software.According to the reasonableness of the analysis parameters of the stress cloud diagram at each station, the sample was produced finally.The results show that the results of numerical analysis, finite element simulation and experimental verification agree well with that of the cold heading process of 40Cr material. The heat treatment procedure is saved and the product quality is guaranteed while saving resources. Finally, this paper optimizes the design of the execution mechanism of the cold heading machine.The model of cold heading actuator is established and solved by modal analysis, which provides a reference for the further study of fatigue characteristics and reliability of the mechanism under impact load.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG713.1

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