喷油嘴锥孔复合进给精密电解加工技术基础研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 15:00

本文选题：锥形孔　切入点：电解加工　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：锥形孔广泛应用于发动机叶片、汽车喷油嘴、喷丝板等关键部位,其加工质量及精度对零件的性能有很大影响。上述结构零件多为难加工材料,且处于深窄通道内部,大多数加工方法很难实现对其高效高精度加工。电解加工因其加工效率高、表面质量好、阴极无损耗、不存在切削力等优点,在锥形孔加工中具有良好的应用前景。小间隙加工是提高加工精度的有效方法而其加工过程中微小间隙内电解产物排出及电解液更新困难是制约其广泛应用的主要原因。本文以锥形孔电解加工为研究对象,针对不同锥度锥形孔制定了不同的电解加工工艺方案,并以喷油嘴旋流室为例开展了复合进给电解加工试验研究,主要研究内容如下:1、锥形孔电解加工方案设计。针对不同锥度锥形孔的结构特点与加工难点,对不同锥度锥形孔进行了工艺方案设计;在对成形阴极电解加工精度影响因素分析的基础上,针对复合进给对电解加工过程的影响进行了理论研究,并总结了锥形孔电解加工工艺研究中的关键技术。2、锥形孔电解加工工具阴极设计与优化。基于喷油嘴旋流室结构特点,设计了圆台阴极和圆锥阴极两种不同阴极结构;针对不同阴极结构进行了流场及电场仿真分析,并进行了工艺对比试验,优选了阴极结构。3、锥形孔复合进给电解加工技术基础试验研究。基于喷油嘴旋流室结构特点设计了试验件及工装夹具;运用comsol仿真软件对加工间隙内电解液流速及压力分布进行了仿真分析,并对电解液进、出口压力以及阴极运动形式进行了优化;基于基础工艺试验分析了不同往复运动幅值、往复运动频率及阴极直线进给速度对孔径和锥度的影响;最后优选工艺参数,稳定地加工出高精度锥形孔。上述研究对锥形孔结构零件精密高效电解加工工艺进行了有效探索,并对典型大锥度锥形孔电解加工进行了较为系统的研究,对于解决包含锥形孔结构零件的制造难题、提高电解加工精度具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Conical hole is widely used in the key parts of engine blade, automobile fuel injection nozzle, spinneret and so on. The machining quality and precision of taper hole have great influence on the performance of parts.These structural parts are difficult to be machined and located in deep and narrow channels, so it is difficult for most of the machining methods to achieve high efficiency and high precision machining.Because of its high machining efficiency, good surface quality, no loss of cathode and no cutting force, ECM has a good application prospect in conical hole machining.The main research contents are as follows: 1. Design of ECM with conical hole.According to the structural characteristics and machining difficulties of different taper holes, the process scheme of different taper holes is designed, and the factors influencing the precision of ECM are analyzed.The influence of compound feed on the process of ECM is studied theoretically, and the key technology of ECM with conical hole is summarized. The cathodic design and optimization of ECM tool for conical hole are summarized.Based on the structure characteristics of swirl chamber of fuel injection nozzle, two kinds of cathode structures are designed, the flow field and electric field of different cathode structures are simulated, and the process contrast tests are carried out.The cathode structure. 3. The basic experimental study of compound feed ECM with conical hole.Based on the structural characteristics of the swirl chamber of the fuel injection nozzle, the test pieces and fixture are designed, and the electrolyte velocity and pressure distribution in the machining gap are simulated and analyzed by using comsol software, and the electrolyte is fed into the electrolyte.The outlet pressure and cathode motion form are optimized, and the effects of different reciprocating motion amplitudes, reciprocating frequency and cathode linear feed velocity on aperture and taper are analyzed based on the basic process test.Stable machining of high precision conical holes.The above research has carried on the effective exploration to the precision and high efficiency electrolytic machining technology of the conical hole structure part, and has carried on the relatively systematic research to the typical large taper hole electrolytic machining, to solve the difficult problem of the manufacture of the conical hole structure part.It is of great significance to improve the precision of ECM.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG662

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