五轴工具磨床设计与虚拟样机分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 11:42

本文选题：五轴数控工具磨床设计 + 虚拟样机　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业的不断发展,现代机械制造业对零件产品的要求越来越苛刻,对加工刀具的性能也提出了更高的挑战。现代数控刀具的加工难点主要体现在超硬材料的磨削以及先进型面的拟合,这对刃磨刀具的数控工具磨床提出了较高的水平要求。其中五轴数控工具磨床的发展水平作为国家工业竞争力的重要基石,成为了先进工具磨床的研究热点之一。本文在这一背景下基于某厂商的加工需求,结合虚拟样机技术完成了某型第一代五轴数控工具磨床机械结构的设计,并针对数字化的磨床虚拟样机进行静、动态性能的试验分析,依据分析结果完成了设计方案的优化以及评价工作。其中虚拟样机技术的使用极大地缩短了磨床研发的周期,为该型五轴数控工具磨床的试验样机制造提供了理论基础与数据支持。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)基于模块化的设计思想,研究了五轴数控工具磨床功能模块的创建工作,明确磨床机械结构的设计目录和要求,也为该型磨床后期的系列化产品提供理论基础。(2)依照五轴数控工具磨床的模块划分结果,研究了该型磨床结构模块下各非标准件的设计以及标准件的计算、选型与校核工作;同时基于SolidWorks三维造型平台,探讨并完成了磨床的零部件建模和整机的虚拟装配过程。(3)基于虚拟样机技术,在有限元软件的帮助下,研究了磨床各关键结构部件的静态特性与自由振动下的动态响应,校核设计方案的合理性,为优化设计提供方向依据与指导。(4)重点研究了磨床立柱的优化设计方法,在虚拟样机的实验环境下,通过组合实验、统计分析以及响应面拟合,得到了磨床立柱各优化目标函数对主要设计参数的响应规律,并基于遗传算法寻找到各设计参数组合的最优解。(5)研究了磨床磨削系统装配体的受迫振动响应特性,通过谐响应分析得到了所关注的工况点在一定激励频率范围内振动幅值的响应曲线,预测了低阶的共振频率段,验证了设计方案的合理性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of industry, the requirements of modern mechanical manufacturing for parts are becoming more and more stringent, and the performance of machining tools is facing a higher challenge.The machining difficulties of modern NC tools are mainly reflected in the grinding of superhard materials and the fitting of advanced surfaces, which puts forward a higher level requirement for NC tool grinders with cutting tools.The development level of five-axis CNC tool grinder, as an important cornerstone of national industrial competitiveness, has become one of the research hotspots of advanced tool grinder.In this background, based on the machining requirements of a certain manufacturer, the mechanical structure of the first generation of 5-axis CNC tool grinder is designed with the virtual prototyping technology, and the virtual prototype of the digital grinder is static.According to the analysis results, the optimization and evaluation of the design scheme are completed.The use of virtual prototyping technology greatly shortens the research and development period of grinding machine and provides the theoretical basis and data support for the manufacture of the experimental prototype of this type of five-axis CNC tool grinder.The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the modular design idea, the establishment of functional modules of five-axis CNC tool grinder is studied, and the design catalogue and requirements of grinding machine structure are defined.It also provides a theoretical basis for the series of products in the later stage of the grinding machine.) according to the result of module partition of the five-axis CNC tool grinder, the design of the non-standard parts and the calculation, selection and checking of the standard parts under the structural module of the grinding machine are studied.At the same time, based on SolidWorks 3D modeling platform, the part modeling of grinding machine and the virtual assembly process of the whole machine are discussed and completed. (3) based on virtual prototyping technology, with the help of finite element software,The static characteristics and dynamic response of the key structural components of the grinder under free vibration are studied, the rationality of the design scheme is checked, and the optimum design method of the grinding machine column is studied, which provides the direction and guidance for the optimum design.In the virtual prototype experimental environment, through combination experiment, statistical analysis and response surface fitting, the response law of each optimized objective function of grinding machine column to the main design parameters is obtained.Based on genetic algorithm (GA), the forced vibration response of the assembly of grinding system is studied.By means of harmonic response analysis, the response curves of vibration amplitude in a certain range of excitation frequency are obtained, and the low order resonance frequency section is predicted, which verifies the rationality of the design scheme.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG596

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