不锈钢管相贯线等离子切割机数控系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 07:24

本文选题：不锈钢管 + 等离子切割机　；参考：《山东理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在实际生产生活中,管管和管板相贯的型式随处可见,每一种相贯型式均对应一种相贯曲线。相贯曲线通常是一种复杂的三维空间曲线,相贯曲线的类型主要取决于相贯体的形状、大小和相对位置。为了加工出满足焊接工艺要求的焊接坡口,实现管管或管板的理想相贯搭接,对相贯线切割提出了较高的技术要求。本课题研究的不锈钢管相贯线等离子切割机主要用于不锈钢相贯端面的成形切割。本课题针对不锈钢圆管-圆管和圆管-方管两种相贯型式,研究了空间相贯线的形成机理,确定了不锈钢管相贯线等离子切割机的机械结构,采用四轴多联动控制方式实现了相贯线的准确切割,利用SolidWorks软件绘制了相贯线等离子切割机的三维实体模型。通过齐次坐标变换建立了圆管-圆管和圆管-方管偏置斜交的相贯线数学模型,针对所建立的相贯线数学模型,运用MATLAB GUI模块进行了编程仿真,实现了输入任意相贯参数,即可获得相应的空间相贯曲线,验证了数学模型的正确性,获得了一系列相贯平面展开曲线上的节点,依据所取得的型值点,采用Origin软件分段拟合出平面展开曲线,进而获得了对应的一般二次曲线方程。一般二次曲线插补常用比较积分插补算法,比较积分法插补算法综合了逐点比较法和DDA法的优点,具有插补精度高、操作简便和速度控制简单的特点。因此,本课题研究分析了比较积分插补算法的插补原理,针对直线和一般二次曲线插补的所有情形进行了概括分析,求解了直线和一般二次曲线的脉冲间隔和公差,设置了数控系统的相贯线专用G代码,通过可视化编程软件VB 6.0实现了相贯曲线插补过程的动态模拟仿真。不锈钢管相贯线等离子切割机数控系统的硬件结构采用PC机+固高运动控制卡实现,数控系统的软件结构采用多任务性和并行处理的方法,应用可视化编程软件VB 6.0完成了不锈钢管相贯线等离子切割机CNC系统的软件程序设计。通过加载相贯线NC加工代码,实现了圆管-圆管和圆管-方管相贯线的插补仿真。实验表明,研究开发的不锈钢管相贯线等离子切割机数控系统具有人机交互界面友好、可操作性强、适用范围广的特点,为圆管-圆管和圆管-方管的相贯线加工制造奠定了理论与实践的技术基础。
[Abstract]:In practical production and life, the intersecting patterns of pipe and plate can be seen everywhere, and each type of intersecting pattern corresponds to an intersecting curve.Intersecting curve is usually a complex three-dimensional curve. The type of intersecting curve mainly depends on the shape, size and relative position of the intersecting body.In order to process the welding groove which meets the welding process requirements and realize the ideal intersecting lap of pipe or tube plate, a higher technical requirement for intersecting wire cutting is put forward.The stainless steel tube intersecting line plasma cutting machine is mainly used for the forming and cutting of stainless steel intersecting end face.In this paper, the forming mechanism of space intersecting line is studied for stainless steel pipe and round tube and square tube, and the mechanical structure of plasma cutting machine for stainless steel pipe intersecting line is determined.The accurate cutting of the intersecting line is realized by using the four-axis multi-linkage control mode, and the 3D solid model of the intersecting line plasma cutting machine is plotted by using SolidWorks software.The intersecting line mathematical model of skew intersection of circular tube-circular tube and circular tube-square tube is established by homogeneous coordinate transformation. Aiming at the mathematical model of intersecting line, the programming simulation is carried out by using MATLAB GUI module, and the arbitrary intersecting parameters are input.The corresponding spatial intersecting curve is obtained, the correctness of the mathematical model is verified, and a series of nodes on the intersecting plane expansion curve are obtained. According to the obtained type value points, the plane expansion curve is fitted by using Origin software.Then the corresponding general conic equation is obtained.The comparison integral interpolation algorithm combines the advantages of point by point comparison method and DDA method. It has the advantages of high interpolation accuracy, simple operation and simple speed control.Therefore, the interpolation principle of the comparative integral interpolation algorithm is studied and analyzed in this paper, and the pulse interval and tolerance of the straight line and the general conic curve are solved by analyzing all the cases of the interpolation of the straight line and the general conic curve.The special G code of intersecting line of NC system is set up, and the dynamic simulation of intersecting curve interpolation process is realized by visual programming software VB 6.0.The hardware structure of the NC system of the intersecting plasma cutting machine of stainless steel pipe is realized by PC solid motion control card, and the software structure of the numerical control system adopts the method of multitasking and parallel processing.The software design of CNC system of intersecting plasma cutting machine for stainless steel pipe is completed by using visual programming software VB 6.0.By loading NC machining code of intersecting line, the interpolation simulation of circular pipe and circular tube and round tube square pipe is realized.The experimental results show that the CNC system of intersecting plasma cutting machine for stainless steel pipe has the characteristics of friendly man-machine interface, strong operability and wide application range.It lays a theoretical and practical technical foundation for the intersecting manufacturing of circular pipe and tube square tube.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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