龙门机床横梁有限元静动态特性分析及结构设计与优化

发布时间：2018-04-13 05:11

本文选题：龙门机床横梁 + 静动态分析　；参考：《陕西理工学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着机械行业的快速发展,对于零部件产品的制造精度要求越来越高,这就要求机床加工精度要跟上发展要求,如何提高机床加工的精度已经成为当今机械领域的热门研究课题。大型数控龙门机床是机械加工中的主流设备,横梁作为龙门机床中关键部件,其静动态力学性能的好坏,将直接关系到产品的质量与精度。因此提高横梁的静动态力学性能对于提高机床乃至整个机械行业的制造精度都有很大的现实意义。汉川机床(集团)有限公司研发的大型龙门铣床,已投入使用,但在生产过程中发现其加工精度不足,其主要基础部件O型横梁刚度及结构需要进一步提高,为此设计出X型横梁结构,本课题主要研究内容如下:(1)通过SolidWorks建立两种横梁的三维实体,阐述其结构及主要参数;(2)建立横梁加工受力模型,分析其工作载荷,为有限元分析做好准备;(3)分别对两种横梁进行有限元静动态特性分析,对比分析结果中的力学性能参数,X横梁刚度较O型横梁有较大提高,论证了X型横梁的结构优势;(4)综合此前分析结果与力学理论,提出一种新的横梁结构M,旨在提高机床加工精度,新横梁M具有良好的工艺性,同时有限元分析结果显示横梁结构M相比于X型横梁其刚度也有较大的提升,明确了新方案的可行性;(5)横梁M相对O型横梁质量上有所增大,考虑通对其进行优化设计,期望在保证新横梁的力学性能的前提下,尽可能减小横梁M的质量。优化结果显示横梁M质量及扭转变形都有一定程度的减小,证明优化方案达到了预期目的。本论文在龙门机床横梁力学性能研究过程中,实现了在横梁结构及参数优化设计有所创新,提出了一种刚度及工艺性更好的横梁结构M。其研究结果对于龙门机床横梁的结构设计与优化具有一定的理论价值及指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of machinery industry, the manufacturing accuracy of parts and components is becoming more and more high, which requires machine tool machining accuracy to keep up with the development requirements.How to improve the accuracy of machine tools has become a hot research topic in the field of machinery.Large-scale NC gantry machine tool is the mainstream equipment in machining. As a key part of the gantry machine tool, the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the beam will directly affect the quality and precision of the product.Therefore, improving the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the beam is of great practical significance to improve the manufacturing accuracy of machine tools and even the whole machinery industry.The large gantry milling machine developed by Hanchuan Machine tool (Group) Co., Ltd., has been put into use, but in the process of production, it is found that the machining accuracy is insufficient, and the stiffness and structure of the main basic component, O beam, need to be further improved.In this paper, the X-beam structure is designed. The main contents of this research are as follows: (1) through SolidWorks, the three-dimensional entities of two kinds of beams are established, and the structure and main parameters are described. (2) the working load of the beams is analyzed, and the mechanical model of the beams is established.In order to prepare for the finite element analysis, the static and dynamic characteristics of the two kinds of beams are analyzed respectively. The stiffness of X beam is much higher than that of O type beam.It is demonstrated that the structural advantage of X-type crossbeam is based on the previous analysis results and mechanical theory, and a new type of crossbeam structure M is put forward, which aims to improve the machining accuracy of machine tools, and the new beam M has good technological properties.At the same time, the results of finite element analysis show that the stiffness of the beam M is much higher than that of the X type beam. The feasibility of the new scheme is confirmed. The quality of the cross beam M is larger than that of the O type beam, and the optimum design is considered.It is expected that the mass of the new beam M will be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the mechanical properties of the new beam.The optimization results show that the beam M mass and torsional deformation are reduced to a certain extent, which proves that the optimized scheme achieves the expected purpose.In this paper, in the course of studying the mechanical properties of the crossbeam of gantry machine tool, some innovations have been realized in the optimization design of the structure and parameters of the crossbeam, and a better stiffness and better workmanship of the crossbeam structure has been put forward.The research results have certain theoretical value and guiding significance for the structural design and optimization of gantry machine tool beams.
【学位授予单位】：陕西理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG502.3

【相似文献】