基于神经元自适应PID的电液伺服加载控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 18:14

本文选题：可靠性 + 电液伺服加载　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伺服刀架是数控机床关键功能部件之一,其可靠性高低将直接影响数控机床整机的可靠性水平。针对关键功能部件开展可靠性试验是一种快速提升其可靠性水平的有效途径,通过搭建伺服刀架的可靠性试验台,模拟其实际工况下所受载荷,可以快速激发被试对象的潜在故障,其试验结果对伺服刀架的可靠性设计和可靠性提升等都具有很大的指导意义。电液伺服加载控制系统具有控制精度高、加载频率适中、输出功率大、稳定性强等优势,是目前在实验室环境下对关键零部件进行可靠性加载的有效方案。本文以数控机床伺服刀架为研究对象,对其在实际工况下进行受力分析,从而设计电液伺服加载控制方案,并针对该系统建立其控制模型。通过对电液伺服控制系统的特点进行判断和分析,选取神经元自适应PID控制器作为控制系统的核心,结合控制器和控制模型完成系统的控制仿真。基于Lab VIEW编程环境开发一套完整的电液伺服加载控制软件,并应用于伺服刀架可靠性试验台,对刀架进行可靠性试验的同时,也完成了对所开发的电液伺服加载控制系统的测试。实验结果表明该系统的控制性能优于原来的常规PID控制系统,能够达到对数控机床关键功能部件进行可靠性加载的要求。本文主要研究工作如下:1.电液伺服加载控制系统总体方案设计与系统建模。进行了伺服刀架实际工况的受力分析,得出加载技术要求,设计了加载控制系统硬件的整体方案;根据硬件系统建立了电液伺服加载系统的控制模型,绘制了系统开环传递函数的Bode图,进行了系统稳定性的判定。2.电液伺服加载系统控制策略研究与系统仿真。分析了电液伺服系统的控制特点,论述了神经元自适应PID控制原理并将其作为电液伺服加载系统的核心控制策略;利用Lab VIEW设计了神经元自适应PID控制器,结合Lab VIEW控制设计与仿真工具实现了系统的控制仿真。3.基于Lab VIEW的电液伺服加载控制系统软件设计。设计了加载控制系统的软件结构,并分析软件运行流程;基于Lab VIEW编程规范设计了软件系统各模块前面板及其程序框图,并对软件进行了调试。4.电液伺服加载实验与分析。以伺服刀架为实验对象,设计了加载实验方案;调试仪器设备和控制参数,测试了加载控制系统的位移控制回路和负荷控制回路;分析实验结果,最终对电液伺服加载控制系统的控制性能进行了评价。本文研制的电液伺服加载控制系统控制准确、稳定、易于实现,为伺服刀架等关键功能部件的可靠性加载提供了技术支持,具有较高的应用价值和参考价值。
[Abstract]:Servo tool holder is one of the key functional components of CNC machine tool. Its reliability will directly affect the reliability level of CNC machine tool.It is an effective way to improve the reliability level of key functional components by setting up the reliability test bench of the servo tool holder to simulate the load under the actual working condition.The potential faults of the subjects can be excited quickly, and the test results are of great significance to the reliability design and reliability promotion of the servo tool holder.The electro-hydraulic servo loading control system has the advantages of high control precision, moderate loading frequency, large output power and strong stability. It is an effective scheme for the reliability loading of key parts in laboratory environment.In this paper, the servo tool holder of numerical control machine tool is taken as the research object, the force is analyzed under the actual working condition, and the electro-hydraulic servo loading control scheme is designed, and the control model of the system is established.By judging and analyzing the characteristics of electro-hydraulic servo control system, the neuron adaptive PID controller is selected as the core of the control system, and the control simulation of the system is completed by combining the controller with the control model.Based on Lab VIEW programming environment, a set of complete electro-hydraulic servo loading control software is developed, and it is applied to the reliability test bench of servo tool holder, and the reliability test of the tool holder is carried out at the same time.Also completed the development of the electro-hydraulic servo loading control system test.The experimental results show that the control performance of the system is superior to that of the conventional PID control system and can meet the requirements of reliability loading for the key functional components of NC machine tools.The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1.The overall scheme design and system modeling of electro-hydraulic servo loading control system.Based on the analysis of the actual working conditions of the servo tool holder, the loading technology requirements are obtained, the whole scheme of the hardware of the loading control system is designed, and the control model of the electro-hydraulic servo loading system is established according to the hardware system.The Bode diagram of open loop transfer function of the system is drawn, and the stability of the system is determined. 2. 2.Research on Control Strategy and system Simulation of Electro-hydraulic Servo loading system.This paper analyzes the control characteristics of electro-hydraulic servo system, discusses the principle of neuron adaptive PID control and regards it as the core control strategy of electro-hydraulic servo loading system, and designs a neuron adaptive PID controller using Lab VIEW.Combined with Lab VIEW control design and simulation tools, the control simulation of the system. 3. 3.Software design of electro-hydraulic servo loading control system based on Lab VIEW.The software structure of the loading control system is designed, and the running flow of the software is analyzed. Based on the Lab VIEW programming specification, the front panel of each module of the software system and its program block diagram are designed, and the software is debugged. 4.Experiment and Analysis of Electro-hydraulic Servo loading.Taking the servo tool holder as the experimental object, the loading experiment scheme is designed, the instrument equipment and control parameters are debugged, the displacement control loop and load control loop of the loading control system are tested, and the experimental results are analyzed.Finally, the control performance of the electro-hydraulic servo loading control system is evaluated.The electro-hydraulic servo loading control system developed in this paper is accurate, stable and easy to realize. It provides technical support for the reliable loading of key functional components such as servo tool holder, and has high application value and reference value.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659;TP273

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