承压设备无损检测与评价技术发展现状

发布时间：2018-04-20 02:20

本文选题：承压设备 + 无损检测　；参考：《机械工程学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：承压设备包括锅炉、压力容器和压力管道,其运行安全对保障国家经济运行和人民日常生活至关重要。在承压设备建造阶段,无损检测与评价技术被应用于原材料生产和焊接质量的检测与控制。在使用阶段,无损检测与评价技术被用于及时发现承压设备在运行过程中出现的各种材料劣化和损伤等缺陷,并可根据检测结果对承压设备的安全状况进行评价,并对承压设备的剩余寿命进行评估。首先,论述对承压设备进行无损检测与评价的重要性,给出目前已成熟和正在发展的无损检测与评价技术;然后,重点对辐射、声学、电磁以及其他领域的各个新的检测技术进行介绍,简述这些技术的原理、特点、适用范围,并指出其存在的不足和发展趋势;最后,对未来承压设备对无损检测与评价技术的需求进行总结,指出将来需进一步开展的主要研究领域和重点任务,以便更好地保障承压设备的运行安全。
[Abstract]:Pressure equipment including boilers, pressure vessels and pressure pipes, its operation safety is vital to ensure the national economic operation and the daily life of the people. Nondestructive testing and evaluation technology is used in raw material production and welding quality control in the construction stage of pressurized equipment. In the use phase, nondestructive testing and evaluation techniques are used to detect defects such as deterioration and damage of various materials in the operation of the pressure equipment in time, and the safety condition of the pressure equipment can be evaluated according to the test results. The residual life of the pressure equipment is evaluated. First of all, the importance of nondestructive testing and evaluation of confined pressure equipment is discussed, and the current mature and developing nondestructive testing and evaluation techniques are given, and then, the emphasis is placed on radiation, acoustics, radiation, acoustics, radiation, acoustics, radiation and acoustics. Electromagnetic and other new detection techniques are introduced, the principle, characteristics, scope of application of these technologies are briefly described, and their shortcomings and development trends are pointed out. This paper summarizes the requirement of nondestructive testing and evaluation technology for future pressurized equipment, and points out the main research fields and key tasks to be carried out in the future in order to better ensure the safety of pressurized equipment operation.
【作者单位】：中国特种设备检测研究院;
【分类号】：TG115.28;TH49

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