工具系统接口联接刚度的研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 06:58

本文选题：主轴/刀柄接口 + 有限元分析　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：高速加工作为最重要的一项先进生产技术,与传统加工技术相比,其汇集了很多优点于一身,包括生产效率高、切削力小、加工产品质量高和低能耗等。为适应高速加工的环境,满足市场的需求,国内外各大研究机构已经成功的研制出了一系列优质的高速加工工具系统。其中主轴/刀柄接口的联接性能是机床工具系统的最为重要的性能,直接影响着机床的加工表面质量、加工效率、机床的承载能力以及刀具的寿命等,因此国内外学者非常重视这一方面的研究。本论文通过理论分析、实验分析和有限元分析仿真对主轴/刀柄接口的联接刚度做了深入的研究,其中联接刚度包括:轴向刚度、径向刚度和扭转刚度。本研究的主要工作和成果为:(1)基于接触分析方法,研究了不同工具系统的接口轴向联接刚度特性,比较了没有端面夹紧定位的传统工具系统和有端面夹紧的新型工具系统的轴向刚度;定性的分析了接口轴向刚度随负载的变化规律,对刚度曲线不同变化阶段的趋势的根本原因进行深入研究。(2)建立了单面接触与双面接触的力学刚度模型,分析两者在径向刚度上的差异。基于有限元分析,对不同工具系统的径向刚度进行计算,得出传统BT工具系统的接口径向联接刚度不随载荷的变化而变化;验证了在高速状态下,BT工具系统的接口径向刚度变得很差。(3)基于理论分析,得出了传统工具系统和新型工具系统的扭矩传递的形式,提出关于BT和HSK工具系统各部分承载扭矩的计算方法。研究了不同工具系统扭转刚度特性,给出了BT40工具系统所能承受的扭矩小于BBT40、HSK40工具系统所能承受的扭矩的原因。分析HSK工具系统的过盈量、夹紧力和转速对扭转刚度的影响。(4)分析了外形尺寸接近的各种工具系统接口的联接刚度,研究表明,端面和锥面同时定位的过定位夹紧新型工具系统(HSK、BBT、KM、CAPTO)的联接刚度远高于锥面定位夹紧的传统的工具系统(BT),保证端面的有效夹紧是保证新型工具系统具有高联接刚度的关键。
[Abstract]:High speed machining is one of the most important advanced production technology. Compared with traditional processing technology, it has many advantages, including high production efficiency, low cutting force, high quality of processed products and low energy consumption. In order to adapt to the environment of high-speed machining and meet the needs of the market, various research institutions at home and abroad have successfully developed a series of high-quality high-speed machining tools system. The connection performance of the spindle / tool handle interface is the most important performance of the machine tool system, which directly affects the machining surface quality, machining efficiency, bearing capacity and tool life of the machine tool, etc. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad attach great importance to this aspect of research. Through theoretical analysis, experimental analysis and finite element analysis, the connection stiffness of spindle / cutter shank interface is studied in this paper. The connection stiffness includes axial stiffness, radial stiffness and torsional stiffness. The main work and result of this study is: (1) based on the method of contact analysis, the stiffness characteristics of interface axial connection of different tool systems are studied. The axial stiffness of the traditional tool system without end clamping positioning and the new tool system with end clamping are compared, and the variation law of interface axial stiffness with load is analyzed qualitatively. In this paper, the fundamental causes of the trend of stiffness curve at different stages are studied. (2) the mechanical stiffness model of single and double contact is established, and the difference between them in radial stiffness is analyzed. Based on finite element analysis, the radial stiffness of different tool system is calculated, and it is concluded that the interface radial connection stiffness of traditional BT tool system does not change with the change of load. It is verified that the interface radial stiffness of the BT tool system becomes very poor at high speed. Based on the theoretical analysis, the form of torque transfer between the traditional tool system and the new tool system is obtained. This paper presents a method for calculating the bearing torque of each part of BT and HSK tool system. The torsional stiffness characteristics of different tool systems are studied, and the reason why the torque of BT40 tool system is less than that of BBT40 / HSK40 tool system is given. The effects of interference, clamping force and rotational speed on torsional stiffness of HSK tool system are analyzed. The connection stiffness of a new tool system for over-positioning clamping is much higher than that of traditional tool system for taper positioning. The key to ensure the high stiffness of the new tool system is to ensure the effective clamping of the end face.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG502.3

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