溶胶—凝胶法R-ZBS低温陶瓷结合剂用玻璃料的制备与表征

发布时间：2018-04-26 08:09

  本文选题：溶胶凝胶法 + 低温陶瓷结合剂　； 参考：《河南工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：陶瓷结合剂用玻璃料制备方法有高温熔融法,烧结法,高分子网络凝胶法和溶胶-凝胶法。传统的低温陶瓷结合剂用玻璃料是通过天然矿物和氧化物在高温熔融而成,其缺点:消耗能源较大,得不到均相玻璃料,也会使一些较低熔点的物质挥发掉。与传统工艺相比,溶胶-凝胶法有众多优点:分子水平均匀混合,低温即可进行反应,组分可定量控制,实验设备简单,易于操作。将溶胶凝胶技术应用于陶瓷结合剂制备是一种新的尝试,为开发高性能结合剂提供一条道路。本课题在是在溶胶凝胶法制备ZnO-B2O3-Si O2系玻璃料的基础上,引入碱金属和碱土金属氧化物(Li2O、Na2O、K2O、MgO、CaO),制备R-ZBS四元系玻璃料。首先对溶胶凝胶法制备LZBS工艺参数(催化剂种类、加水量、反应温度、pH值)进行优化;然后通过差热分析、红外光谱分析、XRD分析、SEM检测对玻璃料进行表征,并分析其微观结构与性能;最后根据微观结构与性能选择最优氧化物种类以及加入量;又探讨了烧成温度对陶瓷磨具性能的影响,以及氧化物复合加入对陶瓷结合剂的影响。实验研究表明:(1)基于溶胶凝胶法,选择玻璃料配比Li2O:ZnO:B2O3:Si O2为3:27:10:60(LZBS-1),探讨工艺参数对制备四元系玻璃料的影响,选择出了最佳的工艺参数为:以盐酸为催化剂,选择pH的值为4.5,加水量(nH2O/n乙醇)为3.6,采用水浴加热的温度为40℃。(2)采用溶胶凝胶法成功制备出Li2O-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2、Na2O-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2、K2O-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2、MgO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2、CaO-ZnO-B2O3-Si O2四元系玻璃料。通过结构与性能的综合分析,当Li2O加入量为50%(LZBS-5)时,结合剂的性能最佳,最大抗折强度为72.95MPa,流动性107%,热膨胀系数为4.84×10-6(700℃),并且其耐火度为780℃。陶瓷磨具的最佳综合性能:抗折强度为40.03MPa,洛氏硬度为52HRB,体积密度为2.20g/cm3,气孔率为54.6%,此时烧成温度为810℃(3)随着Na2O的加入,结合剂的耐火度降低、流动性提高,但是抗折强度降低;通过分析,L5N3配比的结合剂的综合性能最佳:抗折强度为56.27MPa,流动性为126%,此时结合剂的耐火度为750℃。
[Abstract]:The preparation methods of glass for ceramic binder include high temperature melting, sintering, polymer network gel and sol-gel. The traditional glass materials for low temperature ceramic binders are made by melting natural minerals and oxides at high temperature. Their disadvantages are that they consume more energy and do not get homogeneous glass materials, and they also make some substances with lower melting point volatilize. Compared with the traditional process, the sol-gel method has many advantages: homogeneous mixing at molecular level, reaction at low temperature, quantitative control of components, simple experimental equipment and easy operation. The application of sol-gel technology to the preparation of ceramic binders is a new attempt, which provides a way for the development of high performance binders. On the basis of preparation of ZnO-B2O3-Si O 2 system glass by sol-gel method, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxide Li _ 2O _ 2 Na _ 2O _ K _ 2O _ (K _ 2O) MgO _ (2) O _ (2) were introduced to prepare R-ZBS quaternary glass. The process parameters (type of catalyst, amount of water, reaction temperature and pH value) of LZBS prepared by sol-gel method were optimized firstly, and then the glass was characterized by differential thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy. Finally, according to the microstructure and properties of ceramic abrasive, the effects of sintering temperature on the properties of ceramic abrasives and the effects of oxide composite addition on ceramic binder were discussed. The experimental results show that based on the sol-gel method, the ratio of Li2O:ZnO:B2O3:Si _ 2 to Li2O:ZnO:B2O3:Si _ 2 is 3: 27: 10: 10: 60 LZBS-1, and the influence of process parameters on the preparation of quaternary glass is discussed. The optimum process parameters are as follows: hydrochloric acid as catalyst. Li2O-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2Na2O-ZnO-B2O3-SiO22O-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2O3-SiO-B2O3-SiO2MgO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2-CaO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2-CaO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO-ZnO-B2O3-@@ Through the comprehensive analysis of structure and properties, when the addition amount of Li2O is 50% LZBS-5, the properties of the binder are the best, the maximum flexural strength is 72.95 MPa, the fluidity is 107%, the coefficient of thermal expansion is 4.84 脳 10 ~ (-6) C ~ (700 鈩，

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