医用Mg-Zn-Mn合金的制备及复合强化工艺与性能研究
发布时间:2018-04-28 02:12
本文选题:等通道角挤压 + 常规挤压 ; 参考:《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:镁合金在可降解医用材料领域具有巨大研究潜力与价值,但是当前本课题组研发的Mg-Zn-Mn合金材料各方面均不能满足实际应用要求。旨在制备加工出高性能材料,本课题对Mg-Zn-Mn合金制备工艺及多种组织性能强化工艺进行系统性地研究实验,本文研究内容包括合金熔炼、铸锭均匀化热处理、挤压工艺、等通道角挤压工艺、以及配合退火工艺等5方面的内容,经过各项参数逐步对比优化后,最终确定出在材料组织性能强化方面较合理的复合实验性工艺。本实验采用新真空感应加热设备,自带水冷降温。前后共使用140mm、90mm两种不同直径铸模,当浇注模具为140mm时,所得铸锭平均晶粒尺寸约为200μm,当在直径为90mm模具内浇注,所得铸锭平均晶粒尺寸约为100μm,组织及性能相对大直径浇注更加优异。经合金相图分析及XRD检测,该熔炼条件下所制备铸锭为单向固溶体结构。经360℃/24h且热处理前后铸锭晶粒尺寸无较大改变,为最佳均匀化热处理工艺。以直径为140mm的铸锭为原材料,研究了均在0.5 mm/s慢速挤压条件下,经250℃、300℃、330℃三种不同挤压温度挤压后材料组织性能对比,证实挤压温度越低组织约细小,强度越高并且其耐腐蚀性能越好,拉伸断裂特性仍为脆性的解理断裂。新制备90mm直径铸锭为原始材料,分别设计了 0.5mm/s、1mm/s、1.5mm/s、2mm/s四种不同速度对比,经挤压后试样表面质量良好,实验结果表明挤压速度越大所得材料强度越高,材料塑性越低。较高速度挤压后晶粒尺寸相对低速挤压试样更大,细小晶粒包围着较粗大晶粒。塑性在下一步强化工艺中具有更重要的作用,因此0.5mm/s的挤压速度为最佳选择。研究了挤压路径、挤压速度、挤压温度、挤压道次数这4种基本参数各自对该工艺的强化效果的影响。对比分析恒温挤压与降温挤压工艺证实降温工艺更有利于材料性能强化,不同的挤压速度挤压出的试样组织与性能均无较大差别,较高速度挤压材料易产生裂纹,低速挤压虽降低了效率却提高了工艺稳定性。在相同条件下对比A、BA、C、Bc 4种路径,实验证明Bc路径合金组织细化效率最高,经Bc路径挤压后的试样组织晶粒尺寸均匀,无大尺寸晶粒。随着挤压道次数的增加,材料晶粒逐步细化,耐腐蚀性能、硬度、抗拉强度及塑性等综合性能经过多道次挤压后均得到大幅度强化,断裂方式由解理断裂向韧窝断裂转变。本论文对退火工艺也进行了复合研究,经多道次等通道角挤压后的试样再经不同退火参数做退火处理,退火后的试样虽由于晶粒二次长大导致强度有不同程度下降,但是所有试样伸长率均提升,在220℃/6h条件下处理后,试样伸长率最高达40%,材料塑性显著提高。
[Abstract]:Magnesium alloys have great potential and value in the field of degradable medical materials, but all aspects of Mg-Zn-Mn alloy materials developed by our team can not meet the practical application requirements. The purpose of this paper is to prepare and process high performance materials. In this paper, the preparation process of Mg-Zn-Mn alloy and various microstructures and properties strengthening processes are studied systematically. The research contents include alloy melting, ingot homogenization heat treatment, extrusion process, etc. After comparing and optimizing the parameters of the five aspects, such as equal channel angular extrusion process and annealing process, a reasonable composite experimental process for strengthening the microstructure and properties of the material was finally determined. In this experiment, a new vacuum induction heating equipment with water cooling temperature. Two different diameters, 140mm / 90mm, were used before and after the casting. When the casting mould was 140mm, the average grain size of the ingot was about 200 渭 m, and when the mold diameter was 90mm, the average grain size of the ingot was about 200 渭 m. The average grain size of the ingot is about 100 渭 m, and the microstructure and properties of the ingot are better than that of large diameter casting. The alloy phase diagram analysis and XRD test show that the ingot prepared under the melting condition is a unidirectional solid solution structure. After 360 鈩,
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