数控机床工作台误差综合补偿方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 17:09

本文选题：数控机床工作台 + 平面度误差模型　；参考：《中国机械工程》2017年11期

【摘要】：针对由几何误差与热误差引起的数控机床工作台与主轴之间相对位置变动的问题,通过试验分析其在不同温度状态下的误差数据,得到机床工作台平面度误差随热变形保持不变的规律,并提出了一种数控机床工作台平面度误差与主轴热误差的综合补偿方法。该方法通过分别建立工作台平面度误差模型和热误差模型,并运用叠加原理建立综合误差补偿模型,对传统固定单位置点建模补偿方法的原理性缺陷进行了改进。结合机床关键部件的实时温度值和刀具位置的实时坐标值,计算出了全工作台各区域各温度阶段的误差补偿值,进而实现了全工作台主轴轴向综合误差的实时补偿。检验及分析结果表明,相比于传统固定单位置点热误差建模补偿方法,该方法所建模型残余标准差减小约7μm,精度提高比例达到50%;单次最大补偿残差减小约11μm,精度提高比例达到60%,大幅度提高了机床的加工精度。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of relative position change between the worktable and spindle caused by geometric error and thermal error, the error data under different temperature states are analyzed through experiments. The rule that the flatness error of the machine table keeps constant with the thermal deformation is obtained, and a comprehensive compensation method of the flatness error and the thermal error of the spindle is put forward. In this method, the flatness error model and thermal error model of the worktable are established respectively, and the comprehensive error compensation model is established by using the superposition principle, which improves the principle defect of the traditional fixed position point modeling compensation method. Combining the real time temperature value of the key parts of the machine tool and the real time coordinate value of the tool position, the error compensation values of each temperature stage of the whole worktable are calculated, and the real time compensation of the axial synthesis error of the spindle of the whole table is realized. The results of test and analysis show that compared with the traditional method of modeling and compensating the thermal error of a fixed single position point, The residual standard deviation of the model is reduced by about 7 渭 m, the accuracy of the model is increased by 50 渭 m, the single maximum compensation residual error is reduced by about 11 渭 m, and the accuracy ratio is increased to 60 渭 m, which greatly improves the machining accuracy of the machine tool.
【作者单位】：合肥工业大学仪器科学与光电工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助重大项目(51490660,51490661);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51175142,E051102)
【分类号】：TG659

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