光伏电池片自动串焊关键技术的研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 01:30

本文选题：串焊机 + 电池片定位　；参考：《湖北工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着光伏产业的蓬勃发展,全自动焊接机作为太阳能光伏组件自动化生产线的核心设备之一,其主要功能是将电池片正负极通过焊带串联焊接起来。太阳能电池片的自动串焊技术自然成为光伏组件制造的关键技术之一。为实现光伏组件全自动化焊接,需要解决电池片和焊带自动上料,然而电池片自动上料过程中需要完成对电池方位自动校正;同样在焊接前,需要自动完成焊带助焊剂的自动涂布和定长送料;串焊完成后,电池片串的自动搬运直接制约后续工艺流程的正常运行,因此高速、高精度的电池片方位校正算法、焊带的预处理技术和成品电池片的自动搬运也成为影响光伏组件制造质量和效率的关键技术;本文主要对光伏组件焊接技术、电池片方位校正技术、焊带预处理技术和电池片串的自动搬运做了深入的研究。首先,在了解光伏组件制造工艺和电池片焊接工艺基础上,充分吸收国外组件电池片焊接技术和焊接方法,提出电池片超高频电磁感应串焊技术,采用柔性压紧技术预防电池片和焊带在焊接过程中因温度升高自由隆起受限发生破裂,并完成了焊接机构的结构设计。其次,为了避免电池片传送过程中反复的吸放操作而产生破片,采用非接触式的视觉检测技术进行电池片方位偏差的分析,在分析电池结构和对比以往电池片校正算法的基础上,设计了基于电池片边缘以及主栅线平均对位的检测方法,综合考虑了电池片的轮廓因素和主栅线因素,提高了电池片定位检测精度。再次,助焊剂在电池片和焊带的锡焊过程中清除焊带和电池片主栅线表面焊锡表面的氧化物并以液体薄层覆盖被焊金属和焊锡的表面,隔绝空气中的氧对它们的再一次氧化。涂布后的焊带要尽可能校平以保证焊接时的焊带和电池片栅极的良好接触。研究了助焊剂的涂布方式和干燥工艺、涂布后焊带张力校直校平工艺、焊带间歇性精密定长切割等,通过以上技术的研究及设计了专用装置,确保焊带的预处理质量。在分析电池片串后续处理工艺的基础上,设计了电池片串自动搬运装置。最后,利用C++的MFC模块和UG软件,对文章提出的关键技术进行了实验验证为实现国内高水平光伏焊接设备的研究提供了一定的参考。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of photovoltaic industry, automatic soldering machine is one of the core equipments in the automatic production line of solar photovoltaic module. Its main function is to weld the positive and negative electrode of the battery chip in series by welding tape. The automatic series welding technology of solar cells has become one of the key technologies in photovoltaic module manufacturing. In order to realize the full automatic welding of photovoltaic module, it is necessary to solve the problem of automatic feeding of battery chip and tape. However, the automatic correction of battery orientation is needed in the process of automatic feeding of battery chip; also before welding, It is necessary to finish the automatic coating and fixed length feeding of the welding flux automatically. After the completion of the string welding, the automatic handling of the battery chip string directly restricts the normal operation of the subsequent technological process, so the high speed and high precision azimuth correction algorithm for the battery chip is required. The pretreatment technology of welding strip and the automatic handling of finished battery chip are also the key technologies that affect the quality and efficiency of photovoltaic module manufacture. The preprocessing technology of welding strip and the automatic handling of battery chip string have been deeply studied. First of all, on the basis of understanding the manufacturing technology of photovoltaic module and the welding technology of battery chip, the paper fully absorbs the welding technology and welding method of battery chip from abroad, and puts forward the technology of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic induction welding of battery chip. The flexible compression technique is used to prevent the rupture of the battery sheet and the welding strip during the welding process due to the limitation of the free uplift due to the rise of temperature, and the structure design of the welding mechanism is completed. Secondly, in order to avoid repeatedly sucking and draining operation in the course of the battery chip transfer, the non-contact visual inspection technology is used to analyze the battery chip azimuth deviation. On the basis of analyzing the structure of the battery and comparing with the previous algorithms, the detection method based on the edge of the battery chip and the average position of the main gate line is designed, and the outline factor and the main grid line factor of the battery chip are considered synthetically. The accuracy of battery chip location detection is improved. Thirdly, the flux removes the oxide on the solder surface of the soldering strip and the main grid line of the battery chip during the soldering process of the battery strip and the solder strip, and covers the surface of the soldered metal and solder with a liquid thin layer to prevent the oxygen in the air from oxidizing them again. The coated tape should be adjusted as well as possible to ensure good contact between the strip and the battery gate. The coating mode and drying process of flux, tension straightening and leveling process of welding strip after coating, intermittent precision fixed length cutting of welding strip and so on are studied. Through the research of above technology and the design of special equipment, the pretreatment quality of welding strip is ensured. On the basis of analyzing the following processing technology of battery chip string, the automatic handling device of battery chip string is designed. Finally, by using C's MFC module and UG software, the key technologies proposed in this paper are tested and verified, which provides a certain reference for the research of domestic high level photovoltaic welding equipment.
【学位授予单位】：湖北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG409;TM914.4

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