基于静电感应给电的多电极电火花加工伺服控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 16:36

  本文选题：电火花加工 + 静电感应　； 参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着制造业的发展,新型高速加工方法不断涌现,对电火花加工方法提出诸多挑战。制约电火花加工方法发展的主要问题是加工速度慢。传统电火花加工一个脉冲周期内只发生一次放电,微观上为非连续的。依靠提高放电频率,增大单次放电能量及改善极间放电环境等方法缓解时间非连续性具有一定局限性。本课题基于静电感应给电方法,针对电火花加工方法脉冲周期内多点放电问题,就多电极加工进行研究。课题首先分析基于静电感应给电的多电极电火花加工原理,进行电路仿真实验,并采集实际加工过程中极间放电波形,将理论分析、仿真验证和实验结果对比分析,验证多点放电可行性。在此基础上,完成实验平台硬件部分与软件电路设计,编写不同驱动方式下控制程序,进行软硬件联合调试,完成多电极电火花实验平台搭建。通过加工实验,对比多电极电火花加工方法在电极不同驱动方式、给电方式及加工极性下,加工速度和电极相对损耗率方面的差异,给出理论分析。绘制电极不同驱动方式下电极运动变位图,分析两种驱动方式在加工过程方面的性能优劣。根据实验结果,给出多电极给电方式电路结构优化方案,并验证改良后的电路在加工速度方面的优势。在最优加工模式下,利用单因素实验,分析分割电容、电源幅值、脉冲频率等加工参数对加工速度和电极相对损耗率影响规律;利用响应曲面实验,研究在多个加工因素交互作用下加工速度变化,建立加工速度与各加工因素之间的数学模型,确定可选范围内最优加工参数组合。选定最佳加工模式和加工参数,完成阵列异形孔加工,验证该方法的实用价值。通过以上研究,分析基于静电感应给电的多电极电火花加工方法,相比于传统单电极电火花加工,在阵列异形孔、分割电极型腔加工等领域,加工速度和电极相对损耗率等方面的优劣。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing industry, new high-speed machining methods are emerging, which challenge EDM methods. The main problem that restricts the development of EDM is the slow machining speed. There is only one discharge in a pulse cycle in traditional EDM, which is discontinuous microscopically. It is limited to improve the frequency of discharge, increase the energy of single discharge and improve the environment of inter-pole discharge to alleviate the discontinuity of time. Based on the electrostatic induction method, the multi-electrode machining is studied in this paper, aiming at the multi-point discharge problem in the pulse cycle of EDM. Firstly, the principle of multi-electrode EDM based on electrostatic induction is analyzed, and the circuit simulation experiment is carried out, and the waveform of inter-pole discharge is collected in the process of practical machining. The theoretical analysis, simulation verification and experimental results are compared and analyzed. The feasibility of multipoint discharge is verified. On this basis, the hardware and software circuit design of the experimental platform is completed, the control program under different driving modes is written, the hardware and software joint debugging is carried out, and the multi-electrode EDM experimental platform is built. Through machining experiments, the differences of machining speed and electrode relative loss rate between different electrode driving modes, electric feeding methods and machining polarity are compared, and the theoretical analysis is given. The displacement diagram of electrode motion under different driving modes is drawn, and the performance of the two driving modes in machining process is analyzed. According to the experimental results, the structure optimization scheme of multi-electrode feeding circuit is given, and the advantages of the improved circuit in machining speed are verified. In the optimal machining mode, single factor experiment is used to analyze the effect of processing parameters such as split capacitance, power source amplitude and pulse frequency on the machining speed and the relative loss rate of the electrode, and the response surface experiment is used to analyze the effect of the processing parameters on the machining speed and the relative loss rate of the electrode. The change of machining speed under the interaction of several processing factors is studied. The mathematical model between machining speed and various processing factors is established and the optimal machining parameters combination is determined in the optional range. The optimal machining mode and processing parameters were selected to complete the machining of the irregular hole array, and the practical value of the method was verified. Through the above research, the paper analyzes the multi-electrode EDM method based on electrostatic induction, compared with the traditional single electrode EDM, in the fields of array shaped holes, split electrode cavity machining, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of processing speed and electrode relative loss rate.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG661
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本文编号：1853049