管道内表面自适应珩磨光整加工装置的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 23:25

本文选题：管道内表面 + 光整加工　；参考：《太原理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：管道在服役过程中常常会出现质量问题,如:生锈、堵塞、腐蚀、泄漏以及内部裂纹引起的管道破裂等,这除了与其本身材质、尺寸、强度等有关外,与管道内表面的质量也有密切联系。因此管道内表面必须满足一定的质量要求。表面光整加工作为零件的末端加工工序,其在提高零件的表面质量以及使用性能方面有着重要意义。本文针对管道内表面现有的质量问题进行了研究,结合管道中存在变形、变径、管壁薄等实际情况,并针对内径为Φ106mm的管道设计了一种自适应珩磨光整加工装置。装置由加工部分和支撑部分组成,通过外部驱动实现装置的旋转运动与轴向往复运动。加工部分由传统珩磨头结合自适应机构设计而成,利用镶嵌在油石槽中的油石与管壁发生摩擦、刻划等磨削作用,实现对管道内表面的光整加工。支撑部分主要是为了防止由于推杆重力引起装置的轴心偏斜,保证了装置的定心性。其同样采用了自适应机构,从而使装置整体具备了适应性。本文主要研究内容如下:1.对装置各部分进行了原理介绍和理论分析。介绍了加工部分工作原理,并对自适应机构进行了理论分析,推导出了管壁与油石间作用力的计算公式,对滑块可能存在的自锁问题以及加工中网纹的形成过程进行了分析。介绍了支撑部分的工作原理,重点推导出了管壁与支撑轮间作用力的计算公式。2.基于ADAMS虚拟样机技术进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:理论分析公式推导正确;弹簧预载荷是影响管壁与油石间作用力大小的主要因素,主轴转速是是影响管壁与油石间作用力改变频率的主要因素,重力是影响管壁与油石间作用力波动性的主要因素。对支撑部分姿态角为0°、30°、60°和90°时分别进行仿真,仿真结果表明:姿态角为0°时是支撑部分的最佳姿态角。3.对装置各零部件进行了结构设计和有限元分析。依次对支架、滑块、主支撑座、副支撑座、端盖和传动轴等部件进行了设计,完成弹簧、轴承、联轴器的选型。在此基础上完成了装置的整体装配。利用Solid Works Simulation对装置关键零部件进行有限元分析,结果表明:设计符合强度要求。4.样机制作与实验。做出了加工部分的实物模型,并结合实验室现有条件,搭建了立式实验平台和卧式实验平台。通过实验验证了装置的可行性,并通过改变加工方式、弹簧预载荷、油石目数等参数,对加工过程进行了工艺实验研究,以为生产实践提供指导。
[Abstract]:Quality problems often occur during service, such as rust, blockage, corrosion, leakage, and internal cracks, which are related to the material, size, strength, etc. There is also a close relationship with the quality of the inner surface of the pipe. Therefore, the inner surface of the pipe must meet certain quality requirements. Surface finishing, as the end processing procedure of parts, plays an important role in improving the surface quality and performance of parts. In this paper, the existing quality problems on the inner surface of the pipeline are studied, and an adaptive honing finishing device is designed for the pipe with 桅 106mm diameter, which includes deformation, diameter change and thin pipe wall. The device consists of a machining part and a supporting part. The rotating motion and axial reciprocating motion of the device are realized by external driving. The machining part is designed by the traditional honing head combined with the adaptive mechanism. The grinding action of friction between the stone embedded in the oil stone groove and the pipe wall is used to realize the finishing of the inner surface of the pipeline. The main purpose of the supporting part is to prevent the axial deflection of the device caused by the push rod gravity and to ensure the centering property of the device. It also adopts adaptive mechanism, so that the whole device has adaptability. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The principle and theory of each part of the device are introduced and analyzed. This paper introduces the working principle of the machining part, analyzes the adaptive mechanism theoretically, deduces the calculating formula of the force between the pipe wall and the oil stone, and analyzes the possible self-locking problem of the slider and the forming process of the mesh in the machining process. The working principle of the supporting part is introduced, and the calculation formula of the force between the pipe wall and the supporting wheel is deduced emphatically. Simulation analysis based on ADAMS virtual prototyping technology is carried out. The simulation results show that the theoretical analysis formula is correct, the spring preload is the main factor affecting the force between the pipe wall and the stone, and the spindle speed is the main factor affecting the change frequency of the force between the pipe wall and the stone. Gravity is the main factor that affects the fluctuation of the force between the pipe wall and the oil stone. The simulation results show that the optimal attitude angle of the support is 0.3 when the attitude angle of the support is 0 掳30 掳60 掳and 90 掳respectively. The structural design and finite element analysis of each part of the device are carried out. The support, slide block, main support seat, auxiliary support seat, end cover and drive shaft are designed in turn to select the spring, bearing and coupling. On this basis, the whole assembly of the device is completed. The finite element analysis of the key parts of the device by Solid Works Simulation is carried out. The results show that the design meets the requirements of strength. Prototype manufacture and experiment. The physical model of machining part is made, and the vertical experimental platform and horizontal experimental platform are built according to the existing conditions in the laboratory. The feasibility of the device is verified by experiments, and by changing the parameters such as processing mode, spring preload, oil stone mesh number and so on, the technological experiments are carried out to provide guidance for production practice.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG580.67

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